The results of the research show the main problems in the development of healthy lifestyle of modern student youth. We made the analysis of day regimen of modern students, identified the assessment of expertise level of balanced diet, found the frequency of use of the information-communication technologies different types for learning and leisure.

We performed the complex study of morphofunctional indicators of physical growth and puberty of schoolchildren of Gomel (1 693 boys and 1 757 girls) aged 7-17 with different body types. To assess the influence of social and biological factors on the development of morphofunctional indicators of physical development of schoolchildren, as well as the terms and rates of their puberty, we conducted the questioning of the parents. We studied the relation of the complex of social and biological factors with development of morphofunctional indicators of physical growth and puberty of schoolchildren with different somatotypes during the process of ontogenesis. The study revealed that biological factors affect the development of morphofunctional indicators of city schoolchildren with all somatotypes more than social factors. Social and biological factors affect the development of morphofunctional indicators in city boys and girls with lepto- and hypersomic somatotypes and do not affect the development of secondary sexual characteristics in city schoolchildren of both sex groups with different somatotypes.

We studied the indicators of physical development and functional reserves of 408 first-year students. We carried out the assessment of the level and harmony of physical development in accordance with the recommendations of the WHO («WHO Growth Reference 2007») using the «WHO AnthroPlus» program. We assessed the functionality by the results of carpal dynamometry, breath-holding tests (Shtange and Gench) and the power index level. We found out that the majority of boys (71.1 % ) and girls (64.3 % ) had mesosomia. Among girls, there were more female students with a body length above average (p = 0.0099) and tall stature (p = 0.08) than in the male group; male students had short stature more often. Balanced variants of physical development was more often found among the girls (74,4 %) than the boys (66,9 %; р < 0,001). We observed the weight deficit more often in the girls while the boys demonstrated overweight and obesity. The average results of breath-holding tests of the boys corresponded to the medium level. The results of the Gench test in the girls were within the normal range, while Shtange tests were below the average. The examined girls demonstrated both lower absolute (р < 0,001) and relative measurable indicators of carpal dynamometry, which indicates the lower functional reserve compared with male fellow students. We substantiated the need to create a complex of prevention measures aimed at formation of healthy lifestyle and reducing the risk of deadaptation to higher school studies.

The article presents data on the features of functional reserves, the level of biological adaptation, mental performance of students by the profession driller. We found that more than half of the adolescents had reduced adaptive reserves of varying severity. Thus, the level of functional reserves, which was reduced relative to the physiological norm, was noted in 89 % of the 1st year, 83.4 % in the 2nd year and 93.3 % in the 3rd year students. In parallel, there was the growth trend to the 3rd year of study from the students number with reduced performance (from 27.6 % to 33.3 % ) and an increase by 1.6 times of the students number with a significantly reduced level of performance.

The article assesses the regional features for the developing risk of morbidity and mortality of the population from exposure to chemicals. We considered that individual carcinogenic risk in children, the adult population, the entire population in Samara corresponds to the maximum permissible risk (but not minimal). The magnitude of population carcinogenic risk was 19 cases per 1171664 people of the city's population. Arsenic, lead, cadmium, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) make the main contribution to the carcinogenic risk formation.

We conducted the survey of the adult population (n = 37) at age of 33.82 ± 0.82 years, living in ecologically unfavorable conditions (influence zone of industrial emissions) of Chusovoy (Perm Territory). The comparison group included 25 people from the area with acceptable sanitary and hygienic indicators of atmospheric air quality. The average age of the comparison groups surveyed was 35.25 ± 1.24 years. The study of features of the immune status of the examined individuals exposed to the external effects of vanadium fine dust have been showed a decrease in phagocytosis, expression of the level of interleukin-10 and production of serum immunoglobulin A class (IgA). Both the odds ratio analysis and mathematical modeling showed a significant increase in the content of class G immunoglobulin (IgG) and class M immunoglobulin (IgM) (R² = 0.67-0.70, p < 0.05) with an increase of vanadium concentration in the blood. At the same time, the study of the metal content in the blood of the observed group as compared with the permissible level showed higher concentrations. We revealed the features of gene polymorphism associated with an increase in the prevalence of the minor homozygous genotype for the SULT1A1 and CYP1A1*3 genes - the immune regulation (MTHFR), detoxification and endothelial regulation (VEGFA) genes. The results of the analysis of twenty-nine polymorphic genes revealed the key genes of the male and female subgroups of the main group, which prevalence of polymorphisms was significantly different from that of the comparison group (p < 0.05). At the same time, the genotypes of working men of the main group were characterized by a significant predominance of the variant allele compared to the control group (HTR2A, MTHFR, CYP1A1, FAS, CPOX, TNF). The genotypes of working women were characterized by the dominance of such polymorphic genes as MTHFR, MMP, ANKK1, ZMPSTE, TNF.

We revealed the water quality improvement in sanitary and chemical indicators and decrease by three orders of the carcinogenic risk for the child population when the surface water source is replaced with underground water due to assessment of the dynamics of drinking water quality in oil-and-gas production areas. Accounting for age-related correction factors increased the car-cinogenic risk for children in the oil and gas production area using a surface drinking water source to an unacceptable level.

We presented scientific findings concerning changes of the clinical and laboratory blood indicators and the presence of mercury in hair of reproductive age women (from 18 to 44 years). With the accumulation mercury level above 0,5 mg/kg in hair, we take a closer look at statistically significant (p < 0,05) increase in uric acid and creatine kinase in blood serum, as well as platelet count reduction in the peripheral blood.

We analyzed the results of hygienic researches in the application of 30 preparations with different active substances, consumption rates and composition of preparative forms by the air method. We found that in samples of atmospheric air at a distance of 2000 m from the boundaries of the cultivated area, the concentration of pesticides did not exceed the limit of quantitative determination, as well as in sedimentation samples (demolitions outside the cultivated area), at the border of the sanitary gap regulated by SanPiN 1.2.2584-10. Absence of active substances or a small amount of them in the air at the border of the sanitary gap (2 km) and demolitions (1 km and 2 km) with the use of pesticides by the aviation method confirms their safety for the population and the environment while observing technological and hygienic regulations.

We studied the relationship of the thermoregulation reactions activation degree with microclimatic conditions at workplaces, the functional state of female workers and their reproductive health. The labor of women workers in the polymer processing industry is accompanied by the combined effect of factors complex of the working environment and the labor process. Leading ones are the heating microclimate and physical activity. Hygienic assessment of the working conditions of the studied occupational groups (women professions of pressers, casters, extruders, high-frequency installations serving workers, rollers, calenders) showed that the resulting classes of working conditions correspond to hazard classes 3.2-3.3, which can determine the risk of reproductive disorders. The heating microclimate in combination with physical activity causes the thermoregulation system stress, which is manifested in an increase of skin temperature, sweating. According to the results of the in-depth gynecological examination, an increase of 1.3-2 times the frequency of gynecological morbidity was revealed. The main forms of gynecological pathology among female workers in the polymer processing industry were: prolapse of the uterus and vaginal walls, benign tumors, menstrual disorders and inflammatory diseases of the female pelvic organs. The state of women reproductive system is considered as an integral assessment of the impact of working conditions. A comparative analysis of objective hygienic data of working conditions and their subjective assessments by female workers made it possible to identify with the help of multiple regression analysis the relationship between risk factors and reproductive health, which allows us to improve and substantiate preventive measures in the workplace. We presented a mathematical model that allows to evaluate and predict the dependence of reproductive health disorders on the studied factors of working conditions, and also use it to develop practical recommendations.

We presented the study results of the state of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, thyroid and gonadal systems. Significant changes were revealed in all listed systems both at the level of the central and peripheral links. Some data of clinical examination by an endocrinologist and a gynecologist are provided. We revealed the changes interrelation in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, thyroid and gonadal systems with work experience in harmful conditions.

We found both an increase and a decrease in the toxicity of some contaminants (Pb and Cd) when combined with the NP as a result of in vivo experiments conducted in Federal Research Centre of Nutrition and Biotechnology. One possible explanation for the differences in Pb and Cd accumulation levels when combined with NPs can be the difference in the adsorption capacity of NPs with respect to Pb²+ and Cd²+ ions. To verify this hypothesis, an in vitro experiment was carried out, which characterizes the possibility of adsorption of Pb²⁺ and Cd²+ ions on the NPs in a model system. We calculated Amax (maximum limiting adsorption corresponding to the saturation of the adsorption layer, pmol/mg), b (binding constant for instability (concentration of 50 % binding), pmol/mg) based on the results obtained during the work and constructed the equations of the adsorption isotherms in double inverse coordinates. As a result of studies, we determined that in the case of Pb²⁺ adsorption on TiO₂ NPs, SiO2 NPs and Al2O3 NPs, the equation of a single-layer equilibrium adsorption isotherm according to Langmuir is performed. The maximum adsorption of Pb²⁺ on the three types of NPs differs slightly. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation is not satisfied in the case of the adsorption of Cd²+ on the three NP types. Therefore, with respect to Cd, the constants b and Amax cannot be correctly defined. The reason for this, apparently, is that the process of binding of Cd²+ ions on the studied types of NPs does not obey the model of single-layer, completely reversible adsorption.