We assessed the main anthropometric indicators of physical development (height, body weight and chest circumference) in primary school children living and studying in the city and their peers living and studying in the countryside. We carried out children's medical records analysis with an assessment of health groups structure. It has been established that the physical development indicators in primary school rural children are statistically significantly higher than those of urban children in both boys and girls. Chronic diseases are more common among urban children aged 7-10 years. The obtained results confirm the need for a special approach to physical development assessing of children and adolescents living in cities and the countryside, as well as the need to develop preventive measures aimed at improving and preserving the children health.

The article notes a steady upward trend in the indicator prevalence of allergic diseases and certain nosological forms among population different age groups of the Lipetsk region during the 2009-2015 period under the influence of adverse environmental factors compared with those ones in the Russian Federation and the Central Federal District. A high dependence of allergic diseases from a complex indicator of anthropotechnogenic load, total coefficients of food contamination, drinking water, soil with heavy metals salts and pesticidal load has been established. The population was surveyed according to the international ISAAC program, which confirmed the general trend of the prevalence of allergic diseases in areas with significant anthropotech load. Immunological status study, using modern microbiological methods in children 5-7 years, revealed a decrease in resistance in children of the third group of health and children living in the most contaminated areas.

We analyzed the prevalence of alimentary-dependent diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, endocrine organs, blood and hematopoietic organs and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism, in particular anemia, obesity in schoolchildren aged 7-17 years. An increase in the number of these diseases was found in schoolchildren, associated with malnutrition and nutritional status disorders over a 6-year period. There has been a significant increase in obesity, the prevalence of which has increased over the past six years, among children 5 times. Among schoolchildren living in the city, diseases of the digestive organs associated with malnutrition account for 27.2 % of all alimentary-dependent diseases. We found that disease prevalence rates caused by the alimentary factor are influenced by the school environment factors. Formation of eating disorders in high school associated with the intensity of the educational process and training of senior schoolchildren during the school year only from the second shift create prerequisites for eating disorders and is a factor leading to an increase in the number of children with inadequate nutritional status.

The article presents the study results conducted to study the level and structure of children morbidity of preschool age living in the territories in zone of influence enterprises for metallurgical alumina production. We obtained data indicating the formation of residential areas where the multiplicity exceeding of MPCad on aluminum, formaldehyde, fluoride compounds, phenol, benzo (a) pyrene, suspended matter in atmospheric air is 1.16-43.6 times and on aluminum, nickel and manganese in drinking water is 1.25-42.2 times. We found that the content of chemical compounds (aluminum, manganese, chromium, nickel, phenol, formaldehyde, and ion fluoride) in the biological media of children of the observation groups was up to 4.2 times higher than those of the children of the comparison group. The morbidity of respiratory diseases, diseases of the blood, hematopoietic organs and disorders involving the immune mechanism, diseases of digestive, musculoskeletal and nervous systems in children living in the area of anthropogenic influences, up to 8.0 times higher than those of children living in the territory in the absence of enterprises influence. We proved the dependence of the registration frequency of the revealed pathology on the concentration in biomedia of chemicals (aluminum, copper, manganese, chromium, nickel, phenol, formaldehyde and ion fluoride), tropic to the organs of the respiratory, digestive, nervous and musculoskeletal systems.

The article presents results of many years research into the contamination of the environment with heavy metals in various regions of Bashkortostan - a region with a high concentration of industrial production, a developed agricultural complex, and peculiar climatic conditions.We studied the contamination by metals of the main types of foodstuffs for mass consumption (vegetables, meat, milk) produced in the region and making up a substantial part of public food basket of the Republic. Sanitary-hygienic, chemical-analytical and statistical research methods were used. The results of the research allowed to establish chemical elements background levels typical for animal and plant products obtained in specific natural areas with a certain environmental situation, as well as to propose a system for territories ranking by the degree of heavy metals accumulation in animal husbandry and crop production.

We evaluated diets for students of secondary vocational education organizations in Chelyabinsk. Students of secondary vocational education organizations are provided with one- or two-time organized meals at the expense of the regional budget, as well as additional food in the form of pantry products. All organizations have identified any deficiencies in diets formation. The results indicate the need to optimize diets in secondary vocational education organizations, improve the quality of staff training in organizations providing nutrition services, and strengthen production and state sanitary and epidemiological monitoring of nutrition in these organizations.

The flight crews members of Civil Aviation aircraft were object of study. The article discusses issues affecting the official indicators of occupational hearing loss among flight crews members of Russian Civil Aviation aircraft. We presented the main expert and diagnostic errors in addressing the correlation between the hearing organ diseases and the profession, showed new solutions to reduce hearing loss indicators, which consist in improving the methodology for assessing the acoustic load and improving the medical staff skills in the development of hearing impairment in persons of flight professions of Civil Aviation

The paper presents the assessment results of occupational risk associated with exposure to industrial aerosols, according to hygienic and clinical criteria of workers in metallurgical production modernized sections. Occupational risk, depending on the working conditions in the professions studied, is categorized from small to very high one. In most cases the pneumoconiosis real risk is comparable to the expected when comparing the working conditions class on dust loads and the occupational diseases index. The aerosols impact significantly increased the developing risk of general somatic pathology of respiratory organs, skin, visual and auditory analyzers, musculoskeletal, urogenital, endocrine, reproductive, nervous systems, digestive systems, blood circulation, and blood disorders. There is a weak and medium degree of connection of general somatic morbidity with working conditions.

The article shows the presence of pathogen single cells of a dried sample in swabs taken from the camera surfaces of sublimation machines after lyophilization is completed, which may entail the possibility of release in the form of aerosol of viable cells of lyophilized microorganisms and lead to the creation of dangerous to personnel emergency situation. We proposed the use of additional isolation equipment -laminar box equipped with H14 class HEPA filters, the purpose of which is to protect the operator and the environment when working with pathogenic biological agents. The swabs taken from the internal surfaces of the laminar box and lyophilic machines at the end of the process gave negative results, which minimized the aerosol formation risk in room of the bacteriological box. We selected personal protective equipment, disinfectants for processing equipment and the final product, developed an algorithm for personnel actions, which made it possible to significantly increase the level of protection against pathogens of laboratory staff and the environment.

We studied the microbiota structure of environment objects and mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract of patients in infectious diseases department at National Hospital of Pediatrics in Hanoi, Vietnam. We identified 94 strains of bacteria from the mucous membrane of the nose and throat of children and 69 strains from the department environment objects.The microbiological study results of the selected material samples showed differences in the microbiota structure colonizing patients and the department environment objects.Thus, we revealed a predominance of non-fermentative gram-negative bacteria, the main representatives of which were microorganisms of the Acinetobacter species in biotopes of children, while on hospital environment objects gram-positive bacteria occupied the main share in the microbiota structure. It has been established that the microbial landscape in the infectious diseases department was very diverse.

We gave practical aspects of epidemiological monitoring organization for brucellosis in the area unaffected by this infection. The positive experience of interagency cooperation during the organization of preventive and anti-epidemic measures in focus of brucellosis in the territory of the Lipetsk region is described. We presented the genetic analysis results of brucella cultures isolated in epizootic foci of cattle brucellosis and identified the most probable regions of the Russian Federation from which brucellosis infection could be brought to the region.