In Dagestan, mean value of daytime summer temperature in open areas was 27,4 °С (maximum -30,0 °С), relative humidity - 77,3 % (up to 100,0 %), wind velocity - 4,3 (up to 7,0) m/s. Wind cooling index confirmed a decrease of loss of heat by organism due to convection up to 21,8 %. The heat exchange of organism by evaporation was hampered due to high humidity. It led to disturbances in mineral balance of organism: a decrease of levels of potassium, sodium and chlorine. The ratio calcium: phosphorus was disturbed due to a decrease of calcium in 53,3 % and an increase of phosphorus in 86,7 % of adults, respectively. The stomatological status was characterized by shift of saliva pH to acid, mineralization potential to demineralization, decrease of salivation and enamel resistance to acid; it led to elevated risk of caries of dental solid tissues.

The article is devoted to the assessment of the effects of atmospheric air on health of the population of large industrial center. There were identified priority pollutants that form a health risk. Changes of pollution level of priority pollutants were presented. Found that the high anthropogenic load results in a high level of ecologically dependent morbidity in Samara urban district.

We conducted a study on the pathogenicity of some ferments (DNA-ase, lecithinase, phosphotase) and hemolytic activity of Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella and E.coli, isolated from water of the main water reservoirs in the Rostov region (Tsimlyansk Reservoir, Lower Don). It was found that the growth of the antropotehnogenic impact on the aquatic ecosystems contributed to the increase in the number of bacteria containing pathogenicity enzymes, that is to the strengthening of the adaptive properties of the studied bacteria.

The article deals with the issues of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological welfare in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. The results of the analysis of the structure, the dynamics of morbidity according to the infectious diseases and respiratory diseases that are relevant for organized collectives are reflected, the main causes and factors contributing to the emergence and spread of group morbidity among servicemen are revealed. The topic of vaccination of servicemen and the draft contingent is discussed, as well as problematic issues in its implementation.

The main epidemiological data about breast cancer cases in St. Petersburg in 2011-2015 are estimated. It was found that, the proper quality of patient examination and treatment is possible in most cases, despite the breast cancer incidence increasing. The latter is possible due to the improvement of technological and organizational capabilities for early verification of neoplasia and treatment of patients. Purposeful implementation of modern information technologies in the collection, processing, storage and analysis of medical and statistical data in cases of malignant tumors is one of the priority tasks for improving the organization of the anticancer struggle, and its solution contributes to the successful implementation of the activities of the healthcare development program in Russia.

There were established municipalities with the highest mortality rates from community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). When etiological deciphering of CAP confirmed the role of S. pneumoniae (Klein) Chester in the development and outcome of this disease. Among the risk contingents were vaccinated against pneumococcal disease, which had an impact on morbidity and mortality from CAP. It is proved that the vaccination of contingent risk against pneumococcal disease reduces the morbidity and mortality from CAP.

The list of the basic premises and precursors of epidemiological situation complications of hospital-acquired purulent septic infections (HAPSI) was determined. Prenosologic forms of HAPSI, including the carriage of opportunistic bacteria were considered asprecursors.

The results of epizootological monitoring of the Southern European part of Russia (Southern and North-Caucasian Federal Districts), which has been tested for 18 nosological forms of natural focal infections are presented. There have been tested the laboratory studies of 45 615 samples of field material, the markers of pathogens of 15 nosological forms are identified. The circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is identified in 10 subjects, the pathogen of tularemia - in eight regions, Lyme borreliosis - in seven, Q fever - in six; pathogens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, West Nile fever, leptospirosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis - in five subjects. The markers of pathogens of human monocytic ehrlichiosis and tick-borne viral encephalitis were detected in four subjects, pseudotuberculosis and intestinal yersiniosis - in three and Arboviruses (Sindbis, Inkoо, Tahyna) - in one region.

With the help of a virtual PCR in silico analysis of the local database 395 genome-nucleotide sequences of Vibrio cholerae in the presence of ICE element. The results showed widespread ICE member from toxigenic strains and nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype. Thus all elements of ICE successfully typed three basic types - «Indian», «Mozambique», or «the SXT». In this case up to 40 % nontoxigenic strains O1 serovar and nonO1/nonO139 carried ICE element. When analyzed by PCR in vitro collection of222 strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype shows the presence of ICE element and determine its type in toxigenic strains isolated in recent years in the Russian Federation. All nontoxigenic O1, O139 and nonO1/nonO139 strains isolated in Russia, deprived of ICE element that differs from strains circulating in endemic cholera areas. This observation allows us to consider the presence of ICE element as a new epidemic marker «of invasive strains of» nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae.

The incidence of echinococcosis in the population of the Orenburg region has a reliable upward trend. The main genotype circulating among humans andfarm animals is G1 E. granulosus. The risk group of echinococcosis is rural residents. This is due to the contact of people with dogs when breeding farm animals. A case-control study made it possible to establish the leading role of small cattle in spreading the disease.

Using the results of a long-term research in infestation of wild and domestic animals with E. granulosus and E. multilocularis, as well as data provided by the regional veterinary service management and the Federal Centre of Gossanepidnadzor (State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision Agency), we point at the urgency of the echinoccosis problem in the animals of the Ural Federal Okrug. The problem that has become medico-veterinary and social in our country demands not only to systematically survey the biocenotic composition of natural, combined and synanthropic foci in the territory of the Federal Okrug, but also does it dictate the necessity to conduct constant sanitary and anti-epidemic measures in synanthropic foci.

To ensure efficiency of activities aimed at improvement of the sanitary and epidemiologic situation on the consumer market, the Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare applies the techniques of assessing and managing risks for human health and risks of damage to consumer property; they combine administrative, social, economic and other measures and actions. The priority task in enhancing efficiency of regulatory and supervisory activities as one of the main techniques of the Federal Service for Surveillance in the Sphere of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in the general system of health and property damage risk management is the optimization of laboratory support of these activities including elaboration of the reference database, enhancement of laboratory monitoring of environmental factors and consumer goods, and strengthening of scientific support of Rospotrebnadzor laboratory facilities.

A retrospective analysis of the participation of microbiological and parasitological laboratories in interlaboratory comparative trials is presented, and the importance of carrying out these tests in laboratory centers to confirm their competence is reflected.