Assessment of the Development of Fine Motor Skills, Balance Function and Static Kinetic Stability in Elementary Schoolchildren
https://doi.org/2219-5238/2021-29-12-41-47
Abstract
Background: Assessment of the development of fine motor skills (FMS), static balance (SB), and static kinetic stability (SKS) in elementary schoolchildren reflects the extent of their school readiness.
Objective: To evaluate the development of children at the initial stage of systematic learning.
Materials and methods: Fine motor skill tests were conducted in 117 children using a modified “Little House” technique; static balance was tested in 150 children using the stork pose balance test, and static kinetic stability was tested in 147 children by analyzing stability of the body standing while rotating around the vertical axis.
Results: We established that fine motor skills were age appropriate in only 19.0 % (95 % CI: 8.9–29.1 %) of first and 17.0 % (95 % CI: 7.4–26.5 %) of second-year pupils. Low static kinetic stability was observed in 37.5 % (95 % CI: 25.6–49.4 %) of first graders and 38.8 % (95 % CI: 30.9–46.7 %) of second graders. The level of static balance was below the average in 65.7 % (95 % CI: 54.3–77.0 %) of first graders and 37.3 % (95 % CI: 26.9–47.8 %) of second graders. Developmental delays in FMS, SB and SKS were 1.2–3.9 times more frequent in boys than in girls.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the development of FMS, SKS and SB in contemporary elementary schoolchildren is below the average level. The results may become the basis for elaboration of appropriate preventive programs and technologies in order to improve school readiness in children.
Keywords
school readiness, fine motor skills, static balance, static kinetic stability, junior schoolchildren
Supporting agencies: The work was supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research within the framework of Project No. 19-013-00111, A Health-Saving Resource of Technologies for the Development of Static Kinetic Stability in Children in the Course of Educational Activities
About the Authors
P. I. Khramtsov
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Petr I. Khramtsov, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor; Head of the Research Institute of Hygiene and Health Protection of Children and Adolescents
Bldg 1, 2 Lomonosovsky Avenue, Moscow, 119991
N. O. Berezina
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Nadezhda O. Berezina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Complex Problems of Hygiene of Children and Adolescents
Bldg 1, 2 Lomonosovsky Avenue, Moscow, 119991
A. M. Kurgansky
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alexander M. Kurgansky, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Complex Problems of Hygienic Assessment and Examination
Bldg 1, 2 Lomonosovsky Avenue, Moscow, 119991
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Review
For citations:
Khramtsov P.I., Berezina N.O., Kurgansky A.M. Assessment of the Development of Fine Motor Skills, Balance Function and Static Kinetic Stability in Elementary Schoolchildren. Public Health and Life Environment – PH&LE. 2021;1(12):41-47. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/2219-5238/2021-29-12-41-47
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