Analysis of Cancer Incidence in the Population of the Leningrad Region

Introduction: Extensive measures are taken in the Russian Federation to reduce cancer incidence and mortality in the population but the proportion of incident cases in advanced stages is still large while correct registration of deaths and diseases remains a challenge.

Our objectives were to study the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Leningrad Region, to establish territories at risk, and to analyze carcinogenic risk factors associated with environmental conditions in these territories.

Materials and methods: We used data of the Federal Statistical Observation Forms No. 7 “Information on Malignant Neoplasms”, No. 12 “Information on the Number of Diseases Registered in Patients Living in the Service Area of a Medical Organization”, No. 18 “Information on the Sanitary Condition of the Subject of the Russian Federation”, and information on the size of population by sex and age in the Leningrad Region and its districts for 2008–2018. We applied a direct method of standardizing incidence rates by age, analyzed the dynamics of incidence, and estimated statistical significance of differences in the incidence rates between the territories of comparison.

Results: Cancer incidence in the Leningrad Region was lower than that in Russia. In 2008–2018, the highest rates were registered in the Kirishsky and Podporozhsky districts. In the Podporozhsky district, the standardized incidence rate in 2018 was 328.1 cases per 100,000 population or 1.79 times higher than the regional average, while the average rate for 2008–2018 exceeded the regional average by 1.36 times. The Kirishsky district ranked second by the incidence of malignant neoplasms in the Leningrad Region in 2018 (241.4 cases per 100,000 population or 1.32 times higher than the regional average), while the average rate for 2008–2018 exceeded the regional one by 1.47 times.

Conclusions: Additional research is necessary to establish the causes of high cancer incidence rates in the Kirishsky and Podporozhsky districts of the Leningrad Region.

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