At the origins of the natural focality concept
https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2021-338-5-16-25
Abstract
Introduction: The article analyzes the course of scientific research that led to the discovery of tick-borne (Amarillovirales: Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) and Japanese (Amarillovirales: Flaviviridae, Flavivirus) encephalitis viruses and further formulation of the basic principles of functioning of natural foci of vector-borne infections. Materials and methods: We did a literature search in the State Archive of the Primorsky Krai, the Vladivostok City Archive, the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Elsevier, Springer, and Google Scholar databases. Results: In the late 1930s, the Ussuri taiga became a “cradle” of the concept of natural focality first formulated by Academician Yevgeny N. Pavlovsky in 1939. Originally encompassing vector-borne infectious diseases this concept was later expanded to include non-vector-borne infections and sapronoses. A great contribution to the meaningful evolution of the theory of sapronoses was made by Academician Georgy P. Somov (Vladivostok). Conclusion: Establishment in May 1941 of a predecessor of the modern Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.P. Somovbelonging to the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing became one of the elements of consistent strengthening of the biological security of the country in the Far East.
About the Authors
M. Yu. Shchelkanov
Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology; Far Eastern Federal University; Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Federal Scientific Center of East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov, D.Biol.Sc., Associate Professor; Director, Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor), 1 Selskaya Street, Vladivostok, 690087; Head of the Department of Epidemiology, Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University (Russky Island, Vladivostok, 690922); Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Marine Mammals, A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (17 Palchevsky Street, Vladivostok, 690041); Head of the Virology Laboratory, Federal Scientific Center of East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (159/1 Stoletiya Vladivostoka Avenue, Vladivostok, 690022)
G. N. Leonova
Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Galina N. Leonova, D.M.Sc., Professor; Chief Researcher
1 Selskaya Street, Vladivostok, 690087
I. V. Galkina
Far Eastern Federal University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina V. Galkina, Candidate of Medical Sciences; Leading Researcher, Microbial Ecology Laboratory, School of Biomedicine
10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, Vladivostok, 690922
B. G. Andryukov
Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Boris G. Andryukov, D.M.Sc., Professor; Chief Researcher
1 Selskaya Street, Vladivostok, 690087
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Review
For citations:
Shchelkanov M.Yu., Leonova G.N., Galkina I.V., Andryukov B.G. At the origins of the natural focality concept. Public Health and Life Environment – PH&LE. 2021;(5):16-25. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35627/2219-5238/2021-338-5-16-25
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