Evaluation of Pollutant Emission Reduction in Cities Participating in the Clean Air Federal Project

Introduction: As part of the Clean Air Federal Project, Comprehensive Action Plans (CAPs) for reducing pollutant emissions were developed and approved in all participating cities. However, these CAPs do not allow for indicators describing the state of sanitary and epidemiological well-being. One such indicator could be achieving acceptable levels of public health risk.

Objective: To evaluate the reduction in pollutant emissions in the cities of Ussuriysk and Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky, both included in the Clean Air Federal Project, from the perspective of acceptability of public health risk levels.

Materials and Methods: We used Comprehensive Emission Reduction Action Plans and summary calculation databases to model ground-level air pollutant concentrations and assess chronic non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks.

Results: By 2036, the carcinogenic risk is expected to decrease by an average of 31.6 %, while the non-carcinogenic risk to organs and systems is expected to drop by 69.1 % in Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky. In Ussuriysk, they will decrease by 39.3 % and 45.9 %, respectively.

Discussion: Risk reduction in the cities under study will not have significant hygienic implications, since the predicted risk levels for the current situation are assessed as acceptable. We did not consider acute exposure to pollutants based on their maximum concentrations due to the lack of information on the reduction of maximum emissions in line with CAPs, which could be essential for these cities since HQs for acute exposure to some substances had been previously predicted as high.

Conclusion: The study demonstrates a significant reduction in public health risks expected following CAP implementation in the years 2030 and 2036. It is relevant to assess the reduction of risks from acute exposures to benzene, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide but it is impossible at present due to the absence of appropriate plans to reduce maximum emissions.

1. Rukavishnikov VS, Efimova NV, Mylnikova IV, Lakhman OL, Bobkova EV. Medical and environmental indicators of the efficiency of the implementation of the “Clean Air” project. Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2025;104(12):1642-1648. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-12-1642-1648

2. Gurvich VB, Kozlovskikh DN, Vlasov IA, et al. Methodological approaches to optimizing ambient air quality monitoring programs within the framework of the Federal Clean Air Project (on the example of Nizhny Tagil). Zdorov’e Naseleniya i Sreda Obitaniya. 2020;(9(330)):38- 47. (In Russ.) doi: 10.35627/2219-5238/2020-330-9-38-47

3. Lebedeva-Nesevrya NА, Barg АО, Kornilitsyna МD. Assessment of people’s satisfaction with ambient air quality in a city participating in the ‘Clean Air’ Federal project. Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2023;102(5):426–432. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-5-426-432

4. Fedorov VN, Kovshov AA, Tikhonova NA, Novikova YuA, Kopytenkova OI, Myasnikov IO. Monitoring of atmospheric air quality in cities participating in the federal project “Clean Air” of the Far Eastern Economic Region. Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2024;103(6):510-518. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2024-103-6-510-518

5. Fedorov VN, Sklizkova NA, Novikova YuA, Myasnikov IO, Kizeev AN. Selection of priority for quotas atmospheric air quality indices within the framework of the federal project “Clean Air” on the example of cities of the Far Eastern Federal District. Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2025;104(8):946-954. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-8-946-954

6. Kovalchuk MA, Utyuzhnikova AI, Mikhailova LA, Burlaka NM. [Hygienic assessment of the ambient air quality in Chita and Petrovsk-Zabaikalsky (Zabaikalsky Krai).] In: Collection of articles of the III Annual Scientific Session of the Chita State Medical Academy. Chita; 2024:22-26. (In Russ.)

7. Saneev B, Lachkov G. Features of gasification of Asian regions of Russia. Energeticheskaya Politika. 2023;(2(180)):70-77. (In Russ.) doi: 10.46920/2409-5516_2023_2180_70

8. Martsinkovskiy OA, Dvinyanina OV, Vas’kina AA, Romanov AV. Federal project “Clean Air”: A new standard of living. Standarty i Kachestvo. 2022;(3):93-95. (In Russ.)

9. Zaitseva NV, May IV. On substantiating and correcting lists of priority pollutants and objects for which emission quotas in aims of management of ambient air quality and associated health risks. Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2025;104(8):1065-1074. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2025-104-8-1065-1074

10. Zaitseva NV, May IV. Ambient air quality and health risks as objective indicators to estimate effectiveness of air protection in cities included into the “Clean Air” Federal project. Health Risk Analysis. 2023;(1):4-12. doi: 10.21668/health.risk/2023.1.01.eng

11. 11 Zaitseva NV, May IV. Main results, prospects of application and improvement of the health risk assessment of the population of Siberian cities – participants of the “Clean air” project (Bratsk, Norilsk, Krasnoyarsk, Chita). Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2021;100(5):519-527. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-5-519-527

12. Kuzmin SV, Dodina NS, Shashina TA, et al. [Scientific and methodological support for the tasks of public health surveillance in the implementation of the National Ecology Project.] In: Health Risk Analysis – 2023: Proceedings of the XIII Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with international participation, Perm, May 17–19, 2023. Perm: Perm National Research Polytechnic University; 2023;1:9-13. (In Russ.)

13. May IV, Kokoulina AA, Balashov SYu. On the issue of optimization of atmospheric air quality monitoring for the implementation of the Federal project “Clean Air”. Meditsina Truda i Promyshlennaya Ekologiya. 2019;59(11):931-936. (In Russ.) doi: 10.31089/1026-9428-2019-59-11-931-936

14. Mokrushina AE, Ryazanova EA. [Efficiency of implementation of the Clean Air Federal Project.] Nauchnyy Aspekt. 2024;22(7):2707-2712. (In Russ.)

15. Voronova AV. [Ambient air monitoring as an indicator of achieving target indicators of the Clean Air Federal Project.] In: Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Population Health Risk Analysis – 2025: Proceedings of the Russian Scientific and Practical Internet Conference of Young Scientists and Specialists of Rospotrebnadzor, Perm, September 17–19, 2025. Perm: Typography of Merchant Tarasov LLC; 2025:7-16. (In Russ.)

16. May IV, Klein SV, Maksimova EV. Effectiveness of the activities of the Federal Project “Clean Air” by the quality of atmospheric air and risk for the health (by means of the example of the city Bratsk). Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2023;102(12):1367-1374. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2023-102-12-1364-1374

17. May IV, Kleyn SV, Maksimova EV, Balashov SYu. Update of ambient air pollution monitoring programs within regional-level implementation of national projects. Zdorov’e Naseleniya i Sreda Obitaniya. 2023;31(5): 15-24. (In Russ.) doi: 10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-5-15-24

18. Gurvich VB, Kozlovskikh DN, Barmin YuYa, et al. [Assessment of the effectiveness of implementing air protection measures according to the criteria of public health risk assessment based on the consolidated calculation and monitoring of ambient air pollution within the framework of the Clean Air Federal Project (on the example of the city of Nizhny Tagil).] In: Popova AYu, Bakirov AB, eds. Healthy Environment – 2023: Proceedings of the Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with international participation, Ufa, April 13–14, 2023. Ufa: Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology; 2023:124-134. (In Russ.)

19. May IV, Vekovshinina SA, Kleyn SV, Balashov SYu, Andrishunas AM, Goryaev DV. “Pure air” Federal project: Practical experience in selecting chemicals for an information system for the analysis of ambient air quality. Gigiena i Sanitariya. 2020;99(8):766-772. (In Russ.) doi: 10.47470/0016-9900-2020-99-8-766-772

20. Zaitseva NV, May IV, Kleyn SV, Goryaev DV. Methodical approaches to selecting observation points and programs for observation over ambient air quality within social and hygienic monitoring and “Pure Air” Federal project Health Risk Analysis. 2019;(3):4-17. doi: 10.21668/health.risk/2019.3.01.eng

21. Kriga AS, Nikitin SV, Ovchinnikova EL, et al. On implementation of “Clean Air” Federal project in Omsk. Health Risk Analysis. 2020;(4):32-46. doi: 10.21668/health.risk/2020.4.04.eng

22. Fedorov VN, Tikhonova NA, Myasnikov IO, Novikova YuA, Kopytenkova OI. [Estimated population exposure to priority air pollutants in the cities participating in the Clean Air Federal Project Ussuriysk and Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky before emission quoting.] Certificate of State Registration of the Database No. RU 2025621796 dated March 27, 2025. (In Russ.)

23. Fedorov VN, Tikhonova NA, Myasnikov IO, Novikova YuA, Kopytenkova OI. [Levels of carcinogenic, chronic and acute non-carcinogenic risks to public health in the cities of Ussuriysk and Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky based on exposure to priority air pollutants before emission quoting.] Certificate of State Registration of the Database No. RU 2025621305 dated March 11, 2025. (In Russ.)

24. Zagorodnov SYu, Vekovshinina SA, Andrishunas AM. [On the change in public health risk levels in Krasnoyarsk during the implementation of measures to reduce ambient emissions of pollutants.] In: Popova AYu, Zaitseva NV, eds. Health Risk Analysis – 2024: Proceedings of the XIV Russian Scientific and Practical Conference with international participation, Perm, May 15–16, 2024. Perm: Perm National Research Polytechnic University; 2024;1:134-144. (In Russ.) Accessed May 25, 2026. https://fcrisk.ru/sites/default/files/upload/conference/2703/fcrisk_conf_2024-05_materials-1.pdf

25. Dodina NS, Shashina TA, Voronova AV, Chezhina NV, Motorina ON. [Methodological approaches to assessing the efficiency of measures to reduce emissions within the framework of the Clean Air Federal Project.] In: Popova AYu, Kuzmin SV, eds. Erisman Readings – 2025. Current Issues of Environmental Health. The Importance of Communal Hygiene for Ensuring Sanitary and Epidemiological Well-Being, Active Longevity of the Population: Proceedings of the III Russian Scientific Congress with international participation, Mytishchi, November 13–14, 2025. Mytishchi: F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center for Hygiene; 2025:40-43. (In Russ.)