Sex-Specific Features of Central Hemodynamics in Students with Different Types of Autonomic Regulation

Introduction: High prevalence of cardiovascular diseases determines the necessity of early pre-clinical assessment of its functioning parameters.

Objective: To study sex-specific features of central hemodynamics in students with different types of vegetative regulation.

Materials and Methods: The study involved 557 healthy students aged 17 to 22 years (446 females and 111 males) studying the humanities at the University of Surgut. The type of autonomic regulation was determined by the mean normal-to-normal RR interval (RRNN). Anthropometric indices and basic parameters of central hemodynamics were measured in the students. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistica v.7.0 (M ± SD). Mean values were compared using a factorial ANOVA (Duncan’s new multiple range test, p < 0.05).

Results: Most students (about 65 %) had a eutonical type of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular system. The predominance of sympathetic tone was noted in females (29 % against 11 % in males), while vagatonia was more prevalent in males (24 % vs 8 % in females). Students with the dominating sympathetic tone were diagnosed with higher values of arterial pressure, cardiac output and heart index, but lower values of systolic volume and specific peripheral vascular resistance (p < 0.01). In vagatonics, the decrease in cardiac output was attributed to the adaptive increase in systolic volume and vascular tone indices below the upper range of the norm. Male students were diagnosed with higher blood pressure and specific peripheral vascular resistance, while females had higher cardiac index (p < 0.05) within the age-specific normal range.

Conclusions: The findings help describe sex-specific differences in the indicators of central hemodynamics and regulatory mechanisms of functioning of the cardiovascular system in students with different types of autonomic regulation and lay the scientific basis for developing health improving and preventive measures.

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