In recent decades, there is an increase in the number of toxocariasis morbidity rate in many countries. An important role in the implementation of the infection's risk with toxocarosis is the state of contamination with pathogens of epidemiologically significant environmental objects. Toxocara eggs are resistant to adverse environmental factors and can persist in the soil for a long time. We presented data on seroepidemiological surveys for toxocarosis of the population of the South of Russia (Republic of Adygea, Karachay-Cherkessia; Astrakhan and Rostov regions, Krasnodar Krai) and results of soil sanitary-parasitological studies. The analysis of the population morbidity with toxocarcosis in the Russian Federation showed the variability of its indicators during different years. The basis for some territories zoning of the south of Russia for this helminth infection was formed with toxocarosis morbidity rates, the results of a seroepidemiological survey of the population, infection of dogs and soil contamination with toxocara eggs. According to the comparison of toxocariasis morbidity data with the results of seroepidemiological studies, we suggest that the true level of helminthiasis morbidity in the South of Russia is much higher than officially registered. The results of the studies indicate the need for caution in the aspect of the potential probability of population's toxocarosis infection.