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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2021-29-8-26-32</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-634</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОММУНАЛЬНАЯ ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMMUNAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гигиенические аспекты использования опресненной морской воды в питьевых и хозяйственно-бытовых целях. Обзор литературы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hygienic Aspects of the Use of Desalinated Sea Water for Drinking and Household Purposes: A Literature Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-0690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицына</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsyna</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Синицына Оксана Олеговна – д-р мед. наук, проф., член-корреспондент РАН, заместитель директора по науке</p><p>ул. Семашко, д. 2, Московская обл., г.п. Мытищи, 141014, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oxana O. Sinitsyna, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director for Science</p><p>2 Semashko Street, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oxsin66@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7668-9324</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Турбинский</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Turbinsky</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турбинский Виктор Владиславович – д-р мед. наук, заведующий отделом гигиены питьевого водоснабжения и охраны водных объектов, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Семашко, д. 2, Московская обл., г.п. Мытищи, 141014, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor V. Turbinsky, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Hygiene of Drinking Water Supply and Protection of Water Bodies</p><p>2 Semashko Street, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">turbinskijvv@fferisman.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0899-3505</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ряшенцева</surname><given-names>Т. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryashentseva</surname><given-names>T. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ряшенцева Татьяна Максимовна – младший научный сотрудник отдела гигиены питьевого водоснабжения и охраны водных объектов</p><p>ул. Семашко, д. 2, Московская обл., г.п. Мытищи, 141014, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana M. Ryashentseva, Junior Researcher, Department of Hygiene of Drinking Water Supply and Protection of Water Bodies</p><p>2 Semashko Street, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, 141014, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ry-tat-m@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8150-2595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лаврик</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lavrik</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лаврик Евгений Петрович – главный врач</p><p>ул. Свободы, д. 3а, г. Туапсе, 352800, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny P. Lavrik, Chief Physician</p><p>3A Svobody Street, Tuapse, Krasnodar Krai, 352800, Russian Federation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">cross.tuapse@gmail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр гигиены им. Ф.Ф. Эрисмана» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>F.F. Erisman Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Туапсинский филиал ФБУЗ «Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Краснодарском крае» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Tuapse Branch Office of the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Krasnodar Krai</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>32</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синицына О.О., Турбинский В.В., Ряшенцева Т.М., Лаврик Е.П., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синицына О.О., Турбинский В.В., Ряшенцева Т.М., Лаврик Е.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinitsyna O.O., Turbinsky V.V., Ryashentseva T.M., Lavrik E.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/634">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/634</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Неравномерность распространения источников пресной воды на суше побуждает искать способы ее приготовления опреснением морских соленых вод. В настоящее время исследованы гигиенические вопросы таких методов опреснения соленых вод, как дистилляция, обратный осмос, электродиализ, ионный обмен. Установлены гигиенические ограничения у разных способов опреснения воды, необходимые условия и дополнительные меры для обеспечения безопасности здоровья человека при использовании опресненной питьевой воды.</p><p>Цель – обобщить и систематизировать результаты научных исследований о характеристике различных способов опреснения морской воды для ее использования в питьевых и хозяйственно-бытовых целях.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Систематический обзор научных исследований осуществлен на русском и английском языках в базах данных PubMed и Web of Science. Авторы отобрали 40 исследований, содержащих эмпирическую оценку эффективности опреснения морской воды и приготовления воды питьевого качества, нормативно-методические документы отечественного санитарного законодательства. Результаты исследований систематизированы по основным методам опреснения.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Исследование показало, что использование морской воды для приготовления воды в питьевых и хозяйственно-бытовых целях в мире находит все большее распространение. Получаемая из морской воды питьевая вода во всех случаях требует дополнительной обработки и мер по оптимизации минерального состава и защите от микроорганизмов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Актуальными вопросами обеспечения санитарно-эпидемиологического благополучия населения при использовании опресненной морской воды в питьевых и хозяйственно-бытовых целях являются: выбор источника, места водозабора, обеспеченного санитарной охраной от природного и техногенного загрязнения, обоснование адекватных составу морской воды и динамике ее состава способов и режимов предварительной подготовки исходной морской воды, основного опреснения и обеспечение безопасности продуктов деструкции и миграции токсичных веществ из реагентов и материалов конструкции опреснительных установок, дополнительное кондиционирование необходимыми элементами и обеззараживание приготовленной воды, а также охрана окружающей среды от загрязнения отходами опреснения вод.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Uneven distribution of fresh water sources on the land surface encourages a search for effective techniques of potable water preparation by desalination of seawater. Hygienic issues of such desalination methods as distillation, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis, and ion exchange have been investigated by now and appropriate limitations, requirements, and additional measures to ensure safety of desalinated drinking water have been established.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To summarize and systematize the results of studying characteristics of various methods of seawater desalination for its further use for drinking and household purposes.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. We conducted a systematic review of studies published in Russian and in English, found in the PubMed and Web of Science databases, and selected 40 literary sources containing an empirical assessment of effectiveness of seawahttps ter desalination and preparation of drinking water. We also scrutinized regulatory documents and guidelines of domestic sanitary legislation. The research results were systematized by the main desalination methods.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. We established that the use of seawater for the preparation of fresh water for drinking and household purposes is becoming increasingly widespread around the world. Drinking water obtained from seawater, in all cases, requires additional treatment and measures to optimize its mineral composition and protect against microorganisms.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The main challenges of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological wellbeing of the population when using desalinated seawater for drinking and household purposes include selection of a source, arrangement of sites of water intake properly protected from natural and man-made pollution, substantiation of techniques and modes of preliminary preparation of source seawater adequate to its composition, basic desalination, ensuring safety of products of destruction and migration of toxic substances from reagents and materials of desalination plants, additional conditioning with the necessary elements and disinfection of the prepared water, as well as environmental protection from desalination waste.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>морская воды</kwd><kwd>опреснение</kwd><kwd>методы опреснения</kwd><kwd>питьевая вода</kwd><kwd>продукты деструкции</kwd><kwd>кондиционирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>seawater</kwd><kwd>desalination</kwd><kwd>desalination techniques</kwd><kwd>drinking water</kwd><kwd>degradation products</kwd><kwd>conditioning</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Desalination Experts Group. 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