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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2021-339-6-78-83</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-574</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Иммунологический скрининг как этап формирования иммунокомпрометированной профессиональной когорты для вакцинации против пневмококковой инфекции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Immunity Testing as a Stage of Forming the Immunocompromised Occupational Cohort for Vaccination against Pneumococcal Disease</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5872-2001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бушуева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bushueva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бушуева Татьяна Викторовна – кандидат медицинских наук, зав. НПО Лабораторно-диагностических технологий</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Bushueva, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Head of Scientific and Production Association of Laboratory and Diagnostic Technologies, Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bushueva@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9076-9742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рослая</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Roslaya</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рослая Наталья Алексеевна – доктор медицинских наук, главный профпатолог УрФО, доцент кафедры ОЗО УГМУ</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 1, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Roslaya, D.M.Sc., Chief Occupational Pathologist of the Ural Federal District; Associate Professor; Department of Health Organization</p><p>1 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">naroslaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-3006</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вараксин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Varaksin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вараксин Анатолий Николаевич – доктор физико-математических наук, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории математического моделирования в экологии и медицине, профессор</p><p>ул. Софьи Ковалевской д. 20, г. Екатеринбург, 620219</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly N. Varaksin, D.Sc. (Physics and Mathematics), Professor, Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling in Ecology and Medicine</p><p>Street 20 Sofia Kovalevskaya, Yekaterinburg, 620219</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">varaksinanatolij2@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5518-2206</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гагарина</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gagarina</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гагарина Марина Сергеевна – врач-эпидемиолог отделения планирования и внедрения НИР</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina S. Gagarina, epidemiologist, Department of Planning and Introduction of Research Work</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gagarina@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8397-194X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Широкова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shirokova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Широкова Ольга Валентиновна – кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отделения планирования и внедрения НИР</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Shirokova, Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Department of Planning and Introduction of Research Work</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shirokova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8363-5498</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шастин</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shastin</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шастин Александр Сергеевич – научный сотрудник отдела организации медицины труда</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandr S. Shastin, research scientist, Department for Organization of Occupational Medicine</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shastin@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0125-0063</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артеменко</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artemenko</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артеменко Елизавета Павловна – лаборант-исследователь НПО Лабораторно-диагностических технологий</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizaveta P. Artemenko, researcher, Scientific and Production Association of Laboratory and Diagnostic Technologies</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artemenkoep@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0173-6293</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шалаумова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalaumova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шалаумова Юлия Валерьевна – кандидат технических наук, научный сотрудник лаборатории математического моделирования в экологии и медицине</p><p>ул. Софьи Ковалевской д. 20, г. Екатеринбург, 620219</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Shalaumova, Candidate of Technical Sciences, research scientist, Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling in Ecology and Medicine</p><p>Street 20 Sofia Kovalevskaya, Yekaterinburg, 620219</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yulyash@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9990-7539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ведерникова</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vedernikova</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ведерникова Мария Сергеевна – лаборант-исследователь НПО Лабораторно-диагностических технологий</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria S. Vedernikova, researcher, Scientific and Production Association of Laboratory and Diagnostic Technologies</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vedernikovams@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8517-2607</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лабзова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Labzova</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лабзова Алла Константиновна – научный сотрудник НПО Лабораторно-диагностических технологий</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla K. Labzova, researcher, Scientific and Production Association of Laboratory and Diagnostic Technologies</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labzovaak@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский – научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН Институт промышленной экологии Уральского отделения Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Industrial Ecology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>78</fpage><lpage>83</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бушуева Т.В., Рослая Н.А., Вараксин А.Н., Гагарина М.С., Широкова О.В., Шастин А.С., Артеменко Е.П., Шалаумова Ю.В., Ведерникова М.С., Лабзова А.К., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бушуева Т.В., Рослая Н.А., Вараксин А.Н., Гагарина М.С., Широкова О.В., Шастин А.С., Артеменко Е.П., Шалаумова Ю.В., Ведерникова М.С., Лабзова А.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bushueva T.V., Roslaya N.A., Varaksin A.N., Gagarina M.S., Shirokova O.V., Shastin A.S., Artemenko E.P., Shalaumova Y.V., Vedernikova M.S., Labzova A.K.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/574">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/574</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Специфичность взаимодействия Streptococcus pneumoniae с различными эпителиальными клетками полностью не изучена, но при этом показано, что в 49 % случаев различных нозологических заболеваний органов дыхания данный вид стрептококка является причиной бактериального воспаления. Ранее было выявлено, что воздействие аэрогенных факторов на производстве повышает средний многолетний уровень заболеваемости внебольничной пневмонией среди рабочих.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель работы</title><p>Цель работы: обосновать подходы к разработке критериев иммунокомпрометированности рабочих, подвергающихся воздействию хризотил-асбеста, для последующей вакцинации против пневмококковой инфекции.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ 304 случаев заболеваемости внебольничной пневмонией рабочих предприятия по добыче и переработке хризотил-асбеста, данные о которых получены в «Информационной системе эпидемиологического надзора» о случаях внебольничной пневмонии ФБУЗ «Центр гигиены и эпидемиологии в Свердловской области» с 2005 по 2016 г., с иммунологическим обследованием 240 человек, работающих на предприятии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показано, что чаще внебольничной пневмонией болеют рабочие основных профессий (217 переболевших, что составляет 71,4 %) по сравнению с рабочими контрольной группы (87 случаев – 28,6 %). Выявлено что при увеличении стажа достоверно повышается синтез секреторного иммуноглобулина А у рабочих основных групп. Показано достоверное снижение бактерицидности нейтрофилов с увеличением стажа у рабочих в карьере.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Воздействие пыли, содержащей хризотил-асбест, приводит к напряжению адаптивных и защитно-компенсаторных механизмов, снижению резистентности с формированием повышенной восприимчивости к вирусно-бактериальным инфекциям, развитию вторичной иммунной недостаточности у стажированных рабочих основных профессий, что способствует повышенной заболеваемости внебольничной пневмонией.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: The specificity of Streptococcus pneumoniae interaction with different epithelial cells has not been fully studied. Yet, it has been demonstrated that this type of streptococcus induced bacterial inflammation in 49 % of cases of various respiratory diseases. Previous studies indicate that inhalation exposure to occupational risk factors accounts for a higher average long-term incidence rate of community-acquired pneumonia among workers.</p><p>The objective of our study was to substantiate approaches to developing criteria for establishing the immunocompromised status of workers exposed to chrysotile asbestos for subsequent vaccination against pneumococcal disease.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: We analyzed data on 304 cases of community-acquired pneumonia registered in 2005–2016 among chrysotile miners and millers, obtained from the Information System of Epidemiological Surveillance maintained by the Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Sverdlovsk Region. In addition, we screened 240 employees for prevaccination immunity using immunoassay tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: We established a higher incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in miners and millers (217 cases or 71.4 %) compared to the control cohort consisting of auxiliary staff (87 cases or 28.6 %). We also noted that the longer length of employment was associated with an increased secretory IgA synthesis in both miners and millers and a significant decrease in the bactericidal action of neutrophils in miners.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Chrysotile asbestos exposure leads to adaptive stress, strain of protective and compensatory mechanisms, poor resistance causing increased susceptibility to viral and bacterial diseases, and the development of secondary immunodeficiency in experienced workers of the main occupations, all contributing to higher incidence of community-acquired pneumonia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>иммуноглобулин</kwd><kwd>НСТ-тест</kwd><kwd>фагоцитоз</kwd><kwd>лейкоциты</kwd><kwd>лимфоциты</kwd><kwd>секреторный иммуноглобулин А</kwd><kwd>пневмококковая инфекция</kwd><kwd>хризотил-асбест</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>immunoglobulin</kwd><kwd>NBT test</kwd><kwd>phagocytosis</kwd><kwd>leukocytes</kwd><kwd>lymphocytes</kwd><kwd>secretory IgA</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal disease</kwd><kwd>chrysotile asbestos</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shukla SD, Budden KF, Neal R, Hansbro PM. 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