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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2021-338-5-39-45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-526</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные итоги изучения дальневосточной скарлатиноподобной лихорадки как особого клинико­эпидемического проявления псевдотуберкулеза (Обзор комплексных исследований)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Main results of the research on the Far Eastern scarlet-like fever as a speciﬁc clinical and epidemic manifestation of pseudotuberculosis: A review of comprehensive studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-292X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сомова</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Somova</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сомова Лариса Михайловна – д-р мед. наук, проф., глав. науч. сотр. лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии</p><p>ул. Сельская, д. 1, г. Владивосток, 690087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa M. Somova, D.M.Sc., Chief Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology</p><p>1 Selskaya Street, Vladivostok, 690087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">l_somova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6051-292X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимченко</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timchenko</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимченко Нелли Федоровна – д-р мед. наук, вед. науч. сотр. лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии</p><p>ул. Сельская, д. 1, г. Владивосток, 690087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nelly F. Timchenko, D.M.Sc., Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology</p><p>1 Selskaya Street, Vladivostok, 690087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ntimch@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5290-3864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ляпун</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyapun</surname><given-names>I. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ляпун Ирина Николаевна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии</p><p>ул. Сельская, д. 1, г. Владивосток, 690087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina H. Lyapun, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology</p><p>1 Selskaya Street, Vladivostok, 690087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina-iyapun@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7672-1582</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дробот</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drobot</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дробот Елена Игоревна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотр. лаборатории молекулярной микробиологии</p><p>ул. Сельская, д. 1, г. Владивосток, 690087</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena I. Drobot, Candidate of Biological Sciences, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology</p><p>1 Selskaya Street, Vladivostok, 690087</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eidrobot@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>45</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сомова Л.М., Тимченко Н.Ф., Ляпун И.Н., Дробот Е.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сомова Л.М., Тимченко Н.Ф., Ляпун И.Н., Дробот Е.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Somova L.M., Timchenko N.F., Lyapun I.H., Drobot E.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/526">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/526</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. До 1950­х годов псевдотуберкулез у человека был известен в мире как спорадическое заболевание, протекавшее с клиникой аппендикулярного синдрома. С I959 года во Владивостоке впервые зарегистрирована вспышка ранее неизвестной болезни, получившей название дальневосточной скарлатиноподобной лихорадки (ДСЛ). Цель – обзор и основные итоги наиболее значимых достижений Научно-исследовательского института эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени Г.П. Сомова в области изучения ДСЛ как особого клинико­эпидемического проявления псевдотуберкулеза в России. Материалы и методы. Приоритетные данные получены на основе микробиологических, эпидемиологических, молекулярно-генетических, а также патоморфологических и электронно-микроскопических исследований материала от больных ДСЛ людей и экспериментальных животных, зараженных штаммами Yersinia pseudotuberculosis с разной плазмидной характеристикой. Результаты. Доказано, что возбудитель ДСЛ является особым клоном Y. рseudotuberculosis, имеющим определенный плазмидный профиль pVM82, pYV 48 MDa, сиквенстип (2ST) и 1­й аллель гена yadA. Возбудителю ДСЛ свойственно явление психрофильности, заключающееся в его способности размножаться в окружающей среде с ее биологически низкой и изменяющейся температурой (4–12 °С), при которой происходит накопление возбудителя с сохранением или повышением его вирулентности, что обеспечивает возникновение эпидемического процесса. Охарактеризованы главные генетико-биохимические механизмы адаптации Y. pseudotuberculosis к изменяющимся условиям окружающей среды, а также раскрыты морфологические проявления адаптационной изменчивости этих бактерий в разных условиях их обитания. Представлены основные особенности патогенеза и морфогенеза ДСЛ, в том числе связанные с плазмидной характеристикой и токсигенностью Y. pseudotuberculosis. Заключение. В настоящее время эпидемический процесс псевдотуберкулеза/ДСЛ характеризуется снижением удельного веса вспышечной заболеваемости и преобладанием спорадических случаев. Актуальность дальнейших исследований связана с изучением дормантных форм Y. pseudotuberculosis и формированием представлений о псевдотуберкулезе как персистентной инфекции.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction: Until 1950s, pseudotuberculosis in humans was known in the world as a sporadic disease with appendicular syndrome. In 1959, the first outbreak of a previously unknown disease called Far Eastern scarlet-like fever (FESLF) was registered in Vladivostok. The purpose of this article is to review priority achievements of the Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G.P. Somov in the field of studying FESLF as a specific clinical and epidemic manifestation of pseudotuberculosis in Russia. Materials and methods: The priority data were obtained based on microbiological, epidemiological, molecular genetic, as well as pathomorphological and electron microscopic studies of biological samples from human FESLF cases and experimental animals infected with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis strains with different plasmid characteristics. Results: It has been proven that the FESLF pathogen is a specific clone of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis having a certain plasmid profile pVM82, pYV 48 MDa, sequence type (2ST) and the first allele of the yadA gene. The causative agent of FESLF is characterized by the phenomenon of psychrophilicity, which consists in its ability to multiply in the environment with its biologically low and changing temperature (4–12 °C), at which the pathogen multiplies and accumulates while preserving or increasing its virulence, thus inducing the epidemic process. The article describes the main genetic and biochemical mechanisms of Y. pseudotuberculosis adaptation to changing environmental conditions, reveals morphological manifestations of the adaptive variability of these bacteria under different conditions of their habitat, and presents the main features of the pathogenesis and morphogenesis of FESLF, including those associated with plasmid characteristics and toxigenicity of Y. pseudotuberculosis. Conclusion: Currently, the epidemic process of pseudotuberculosis/FESLF is characterized by a decrease in the proportion of outbreaks and predominance of sporadic cases. The relevance of further research is associated with the study of the dormant forms of Y. pseudotuberculosis and the formation of ideas about pseudotuberculosis as a persistent infectious disease.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дальневосточная скарлатиноподобная лихорадва (ДСЛ)</kwd><kwd>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</kwd><kwd>психрофильность</kwd><kwd>механизмы адаптации</kwd><kwd>плазмид­ассоциированная вирулентность</kwd><kwd>патоморфогенез</kwd><kwd>токсины</kwd><kwd>сапрозоонозы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Far Eastern scarlet-like fever (FESLF)</kwd><kwd>Yersinia pseudotuberculosis</kwd><kwd>psychrophilicity</kwd><kwd>adaptation mechanisms</kwd><kwd>plasmid-associated virulence</kwd><kwd>pathomorphogenesis</kwd><kwd>toxins</kwd><kwd>saprozoonoses</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Фрагмент работы по изучению морфологических аспектов адаптации Y. pseudo-tuberculosis к различным условиям обитания с изданием монографии Л.М. Сомовой и др. (2009) был выполнен при финансовой поддержке Российского фонда фундаментальных исследований (грант № 09-04-07009). Авторы выражают благодарность доктору медицинских наук, профессору Ф.Н. Шубину, члену-корреспонденту РАН, профессору Ф. Ф. Антоненко, доктору биологических наук Н. Г. Плеховой, кандидату биологических наук Е. К. Псаревой за научное сотрудничество по проблеме псевдотуберкулеза, а также доктору физико-математических наук Е. В. Пустовалову за совместное проведение электронно-микроскопических исследований.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Galindo CL, Rosenzweig JA, Kirtley ML, Chopra AK. Pathogenesis of Y. enterocolitica and Y. pseudotuberculosis in human yersiniosis. J Pathog. 2011;2011:182051. doi: 10.4061/2011/182051</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Galindo CL, Rosenzweig JA, Kirtley ML, Chopra AK. 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