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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2026-34-5-44-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-3027</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка влияния вибрационной нагрузки на водителей транспортных средств</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessing the Impact of Occupational Vibration Exposure on Vehicle Drivers</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3557-2255</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Копытенкова</surname><given-names>О. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kopytenkova</surname><given-names>Olga I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Копытенкова Ольга Ивановна – д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник; профессор,</p><p>ул. 2-я Советская, д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191036;</p><p>Московский пр., д. 9, г. Санкт-Петербург, 190031.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga I. Kopytenkova, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher; Professor,</p><p>4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036;</p><p>9, Moskovsky Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 190031.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">5726164@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3576-3852</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леванчук</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Levanchuk</surname><given-names>Leonid A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Леванчук Леонид Александрович – к.т.н., доцент кафедры «Техносферная и экологическая безопасность»,</p><p>Московский пр., д. 9, г. Санкт-Петербург, 190031</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid A. Levanchuk, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Assoc.Professor of the Department of Technosphere and Environmental Safety,</p><p>9, Moskovsky Avenue, Saint Petersburg, 190031.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">llevanchuk@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Public Health Research Center; Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Копытенкова О.И., Леванчук Л.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Копытенкова О.И., Леванчук Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kopytenkova O.I., Levanchuk L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/3027">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/3027</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Научная и практическая актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью сохранения здоровья большой профессиональной когорты, повышения безопасности дорожного движения и разработки новых стандартов комфорта для перспективных транспортных систем.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: обобщение опыта оценки влияния вибрационной нагрузки на водителей транспортных средств на основе результатов гигиенических исследований и биомеханических расчетов (на примере водителей-дальнобойщиков и работников локомотивных бригад).</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Измерения показателей общей вибрации проведены на грузовых автомобилях и грузовых тепловозах. Измерения и оценка проведены аккредитованной лабораторией ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора. Работа выполнена на биомеханической модели, имитирующей опорно-двигательный аппарат человека; для количественной оценки воздействия проведен расчет компрессионной нагрузки на позвоночник.  Для определения количественной характеристики вибрации на пояснично-крестцовый отдел позвоночника проведен расчет компрессионной нагрузки на позвоночник. Статистическая обработка полученных данных выполнена с использованием программного обеспечения Microsoft Excel 2019.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлен экспоненциальный рост риска формирования патологии опорно-двигательного аппарата. Первые 10 лет прирост вероятности ~30 % (от фонового 3 до 33,6 %). С 10 до 20 лет стажа прирост вероятности ~36 % (с 33,6 до 69,7 %). С 20 до 30 лет прирост вероятности ~19,6 % (с 69,7 до 89,3 %).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Проведенные исследования показали, что у водителей вибрация хаотична и зависит от случайного фактора (состояние дороги). У работников локомотивных бригад носит более регулярный характер и содержит опасные низкочастотные и толчкообразные компоненты, сильнее влияющие на пояснично-крестцовый отдел. По тяжести медицинских последствий у работников локомотивных бригад патология формируется более четко и предсказуемо. Это связано со стабильностью и неизменностью воздействия вибрации на организм на протяжении десятилетий. У водителей спектр заболеваний шире. Поражение позвоночника является общим и тяжелым последствием для обеих профессиональных групп. Представленная модель наглядно демонстрирует вероятность формирования патологии опорно-двигательного аппарата у работников, подвергающихся действию вибрации. Это требует системного пересмотра организации труда, включая ограничение предельного стажа на таких работах и создание эффективных программ ранней реабилитации.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: The scientific and practical relevance of the study stems from the importance to maintain health of a large occupational cohort, improve road safety, and develop new comfort standards for advanced transport systems.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To summarize the experience of assessing the impact of vibration on vehicle drivers based on the results of hygienic studies and biomechanical calculations using long-haul truck drivers and locomotive crew members as examples.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: Whole-body vibration of drivers was measured on trucks and freight locomotives.  Measurements and evaluation were carried out by the accredited laboratory of the North-West Public Health Research Center. The work was performed on a biomechanical model simulating the human musculoskeletal system; to quantify the impact, the compression load on the spine was calculated. To quantify the impact of vibration on the lumbosacral spine, the compressive load on the spine was calculated.</p><p>Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed using Microsoft Excel 2019 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: We established an exponential increase in the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Over the first 10 years of work, the disease probability increased by ca. 30 % (from a baseline of 3 % to 33.6 %), by ca. 36 % (from 33.6 % to 69.7 %) over the following ten years, and by ca. 19.6 % (from 69.7 % to 89.3 %) in the period of 20 to 30 years of current employment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: Our findings show that the vibration exposure of truck drivers is chaotic and depends on a random factor (road surface quality) while that of locomotive crew members is more regular but contains dangerous low-frequency and jerky components that have a stronger effect on the lumbosacral region. In terms of severity, health disorders in locomotive crew members develop more clearly and predictably owing to the stability and invariability of their whole-body vibration exposure over decades. Truck drivers, on the opposite, suffer from a wider range of diseases. Spinal cord injury is a common and severe health outcome for both occupational groups. The presented model clearly demonstrates the likelihood of developing musculoskeletal disorders in workers exposed to vibration. This requires a comprehensive revision of work organization, including limiting the maximum number of years of employment in such jobs and creating effective early rehabilitation programs.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вибрация</kwd><kwd>транспортные средства</kwd><kwd>дальнобойные автомобили</kwd><kwd>локомотивы</kwd><kwd>патология опорно-двигательного аппарата</kwd><kwd>компрессионная нагрузка</kwd><kwd>вероятность патологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vibration</kwd><kwd>heavy vehicles</kwd><kwd>long-haul trucks</kwd><kwd>locomotives</kwd><kwd>musculoskeletal disorders</kwd><kwd>compressive load</kwd><kwd>disease probability</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted without sponsorship.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сувидова Т.А., Олещенко А.М., Кислицына В.В. 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