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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2026-34-2-60-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-2987</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRIC HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Базовые санитарные условия и личная гигиена: факторы риска задержки роста в прибрежных районах Северной Суматры</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Basic Sanitation and Personal Hygiene: Risk Factors for Stunting  in North Sumatra Coastal Areas</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0974-8640</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Индиравати</surname><given-names>Ш. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Indirawati</surname><given-names>Sri M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Индиравати Шри Малем, доктор философии, доцент кафедры гигиены окружающей среды,</p><p>ул. Университетская, д. 21, Медан, 20155.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sri Malem Indirawati, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health,</p><p>21, Universitas Street, Medan, 20155.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">srimalem@usu.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9348-2173</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Салмах</surname><given-names>У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Salmah</surname><given-names>Umi</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салмах Уми, доктор философии, преподаватель кафедры гигиены и охраны труда,</p><p>ул. Университетская, д. 21, Медан, 20155.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Umi Salmah, PhD, Lecturer in the Department of Occupational Health and Safety,</p><p>21, Universitas Street, Medan, 20155.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">umisalmah@usu.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8661-3125</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ашар</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ashar</surname><given-names>Taufik</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ашар Тауфик, доктор философии, доцент кафедры гигиены окружающей среды,</p><p>ул. Университетская, д. 21, Медан, 20155.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Taufik Ashar, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Environmental Health,</p><p>21, Universitas Street, Medan, 20155.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">taufik.ashar@usu.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4388-6967</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панджаитан</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panjaitan</surname><given-names>Arifa M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Панджаитан Арифа Маситах, магистр общественного здравоохранения, преподаватель кафедры демографических исследований и биостатистики,</p><p>ул. Университетская, д. 21, Медан, 20155.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arifa Masyitah Panjaitan, MPH, Lecturer in the Department of Population Studies and Biostatistics,</p><p>21, Universitas Street, Medan, 20155.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">panjaitanarifa@usu.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6309-2067</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситуморанг</surname><given-names>Р. Ф.Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Situmorang</surname><given-names>Risanti F.R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ситуморанг Рисанти Фебрин Ропита, магистр наук, преподаватель кафедры гигиены питания населения,</p><p>ул. Университетская, д. 21, Медан, 20155.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Risanti Febrine Ropita Situmorang, M.Sc., Lecturer, Department of Public Health Nutrition,</p><p>21, Universitas Street, Medan, 20155.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">risantisitumorang@usu.ac.id</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9574-7608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лестари</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lestari</surname><given-names>Annisa R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лестари Анниса Ризка, магистр общественного здравоохранения, </p><p>ул. Университетская, д. 21, Медан, 20155.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Annisa Rizka Lestari, MPH, Researcher, </p><p>21, Universitas Street, Medan, 20155.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annisa.r.lestari@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Факультет общественного здравоохранения Университета Северной Суматры</institution><country>Индонезия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Sumatera Utara</institution><country>Indonesia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>60</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Индиравати Ш.М., Салмах У., Ашар Т., Панджаитан А.М., Ситуморанг Р.Ф., Лестари А.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Индиравати Ш.М., Салмах У., Ашар Т., Панджаитан А.М., Ситуморанг Р.Ф., Лестари А.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Indirawati S.M., Salmah U., Ashar T., Panjaitan A.M., Situmorang R.F., Lestari A.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2987">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2987</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Сокращение числа случаев задержки роста у детей является глобальным приоритетом общественного здравоохранения в рамках Целей устойчивого развития ООН и серьезным вызовом в Индонезии, где в 2022 году показатель распространенности составил 21,6 %, а в Северной Суматре – 13,9 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: изучить базовые санитарные условия и личную гигиену как факторы риска задержки роста детей младшего возраста в прибрежных районах Северной Суматры.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Данное поперечное количественное исследование проводилось в деревне Палух Сибаджи округа Делисерданг с участием случайно выбранной 141 из 375 местных женщин, имеющих детей младшего возраста. Для сбора данных использовались валидированные анкеты, листы наблюдений и осмотр основных санитарных условий и личной гигиены, с акцентом на доступность чистой воды (ее количество, качество, непрерывность и доступность по цене). Задержка роста определялась с помощью антропометрических измерений по стандартам Z-показателя ВОЗ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Распространенность задержки роста у детей составила 16,3 %. Анализ факторов риска выявил значимую зависимость между непрерывностью водоснабжения (ОШ 3,365, 95 % ДИ: 1,154–9,816, p = 0,026), наличием у семьи благоустроенного туалета (ОШ 4,272, 95 % ДИ: 1,240–14,720, p = 0,021), наличием очистных сооружений для сточных вод (ОШ 7,301, 95 % ДИ: 2,233–23,872, p = 0,001), тщательным мытьем рук между пальцами с мылом и проточной водой (ОШ 5,772, 95 % ДИ: 1,830–18,205, p = 0,003) и задержкой роста.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Нарушение правил личной гигиены, ограниченный доступ к питьевой воде и отсутствие благоустроенных туалетов, очистных сооружений и управления отходами могут повысить риск задержки роста у детей младшего возраста в деревне Палух Сибаджи. Отсутствие очистных сооружений оказалось наиболее значимым фактором риска, что свидетельствует о важности улучшения санитарных условий в рамках комплексных стратегий профилактики задержки роста на местном уровне.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: The reduction of stunting is a global public health priority under target of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and a major public health challenge in Indonesia, with a national prevalence of 21.6 % in 2022, and 13.9 % in North Sumatra.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To examine basic sanitation and personal hygiene as risk factors associated with stunting among toddlers in coastal areas of North Sumatra.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in Paluh Sibaji Village, Deli Serdang Regency, and involved 141 mothers of toddlers selected by simple random sampling from a total population of 375. Data collection involved validated questionnaires, observation sheets, and inspections of basic sanitation and personal hygiene, with a focus on clean water availability (quantity, quality, continuity, and affordability). Stunting was determined using anthropometric measurements by the WHO Z-score standards.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The prevalence of stunting was 16.3 %. The analysis of stunting risk factors showed a significant relationship between clean water continuity (OR 3.365, 95 % CI: 1.154–9.816, p = 0.026), latrine ownership (OR 4.272, 95 % CI: 1.240–14.720, p = 0.021), ownership of wastewater disposal facilities (OR 7.301, 95 % CI: 2.233–23.872, p = 0.001), the practice of washing hands by cleaning between the fingers with soap and running water (OR 5.772, 95 % CI: 1.830–18.205, p = 0.003) and stunting.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Poor hygiene practices, inadequate access to drinking water, and inadequate ownership of toilets, wastewater disposal facilities, and waste management can increase the risk of stunting among toddlers in Paluh Sibaji Village. The absence of wastewater disposal facilities emerged as the strongest risk factor, thus highlighting the importance of improving sanitation systems as part of integrated communitybased stunting prevention strategies. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>базовые санитарные условия</kwd><kwd>гигиена</kwd><kwd>задержка роста</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>basic sanitation</kwd><kwd>hygiene</kwd><kwd>stunting</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Проведение исследования поддержано научно-исследовательским институтом Университета Северной Суматры в рамках программы TALENTA (грант № 42/UN5.2.3.1/PPM/KP-TALENTA/R/2023).  Авторы благодарят научно-исследовательский институт Университета Северной Суматры за финансирование данного исследования в рамках программы сотрудничества с правительством в области привлечения талантов и выражают признательность за поддержку и сотрудничество главе деревни Палух Сибаджи и сотрудникам, занимающимся проблемами задержки роста и содействующим проведению работ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This research was funded by the University of North Sumatra research institute under the TALENTA program (grant No. 42/UN5.2.3.1/PPM/KP-TALENTA/R/2023).  The authors would like to thank the Research Institute of the University of North Sumatra (Universitas Sumatera Utara) for funding this research under the Talent Collaboration with the Government scheme. 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