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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/10.35627/2219-5238/2026-34-3-7-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-2877</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ГИГИЕНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Результаты пилотного проекта скрининга колоректального  рака в Оренбургской области как основа для разработки целевых индикаторов качества</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Results of the Pilot Project for Colorectal Cancer Screening in the Orenburg Region as a Basis for Developing Target Quality Indicators</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1519-8785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хилимончик</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khilimonchik</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хилимончик Полина Ишхановна – врач-онколог, врач-гинеколог; начальник Центра мониторинга скрининговых программ Оренбургской области</p><p>проспект Гагарина, д. 11, г. Оренбург, 460021</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polina I. Khilimonchik, oncologist, gynecologist; Head of the Center for Monitoring Screening Programs</p><p>11 Gagarin Avenue, Orenburg, 460021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polinessa94@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-5908</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борщук</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borshchuk</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борщук Евгений Леонидович – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой общественного здоровья и здравоохранения №1</p><p>ул. Советская, д. 6, г. Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeni L. Borshchuk, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>6 Sovetskaya Street, Orenburg, 460000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">be6262@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3779-250X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудяков</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudyakov</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кудяков Лев Александрович – к.м.н., главный врач</p><p>ул. Советская, д. 6, г. Оренбург, 460000</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lev A. Kudyakov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Chief Physician</p><p>11 Gagarin Avenue, Orenburg, 460021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">studio.leo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ "Оренбургский областной клинических онкологический диспансер"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Оренбургский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хилимончик П.И., Борщук Е.Л., Кудяков Л.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хилимончик П.И., Борщук Е.Л., Кудяков Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khilimonchik P.I., Borshchuk E.L., Kudyakov L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2877">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2877</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В Оренбургской области показатели заболеваемости по колоректальному раку превышают общероссийские, что подчеркивает важность ранней диагностики. В 2022 году в регионе был проведен пилотный проект скрининга, результаты которого легли в основу масштабирования программы на всю область.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Определить перечень индикаторов качественной реализации скрининга колоректального рака и их целевые уровни по результатам пилотного проекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Пилотный проект скрининга колоректального рака проводился в течение 6 месяцев и охватил 3278 участников – сотрудников крупных предприятий Оренбургской области в возрасте старше 40 лет. Скрининг проходил в два этапа: на первом этапе всем участникам выполнялось лабораторное исследование кала на скрытую кровь количественным методом и, при необходимости, колоноскопия – 2-й этап скрининга. В ходе пилотного проекта оценивались индикаторы согласно заранее определенному перечню (доля положительных результатов ИХА, охват эндоскопическим этапом, доля колоноскопий, выполняемых с санацией/тотальной полипэктомией (в амбулаторных условиях); доля колоноскопий, выполненных с биопсией), целевые уровни которых и окончательный перечень устанавливались на основе распределения данных пилотного проекта.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. На лабораторном этапе у 10,3 % из общего числа участников (3278 человек) была выявлена кровь в кале, охват эндоскопическим этапом составил 81,3 %. Из 273 выполненных колоноскопий 42 % завершились полной санацией, а 11 % были выполнены с биопсией. У 61,9 % из 273 человек была выявлена патология кишечника, включая полипы и 6 случаев рака; при этом Adenoma Detection Rate составила 26 %, а выявляемость рака 0,18 %. Эти показатели, включая долю положительных результатов, охват эндоскопией и уровень амбулаторных полипэктомий, позволят оценивать качество и результативность скрининга и принимать управленческие решения для долгосрочного снижения заболеваемости и смертности от колоректального рака.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Пилотный проект в Оренбургской области подтвердил эффективность двухэтапной скрининговой стратегии, основанной на анализе кала количественным методом и колоноскопии, с определением ключевых индикаторов, которые обеспечат контроль и мониторинг программы на региональном уровне.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Incidence rates of colorectal cancer in the Orenburg Region exceed the national averages, thus highlighting the importance of early diagnosis. In 2022, a pilot screening project was implemented in the region, and its results served as the basis for expanding the coverage throughout the region.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To determine the list of indicators for the high-quality implementation of colorectal cancer screening and their target levels based on the results of the pilot project.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: The colorectal cancer screening pilot project lasted six months and involved 3,278 participants aged 40 and above, all working at large enterprises of the Orenburg Region. The screening process included a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) at stage 1 and, if needed, colonoscopy at stage 2. During the pilot project, indicators were evaluated according to a predefined list (the proportion of positive FOB test results, endoscopy coverage, the proportion of colonoscopies with debridement/total polypectomy (in outpatient settings), and the proportion of colonoscopies with biopsy). Target levels and the final list were established based on the distribution of the findings.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: At the laboratory stage, 10.3 % of all participants had a positive FOBT result and 81.3 % of them underwent endoscopic examination. Of 273 colonoscopies performed, 42 % resulted in complete debridement and 11 % were performed with biopsy; intestinal pathology was detected in 61.9 % of them, including polyps and six cancer cases, with the adenoma and cancer detection rates of 26 % and 0.18 %, respectively. These metrics, including the percentage of positive test results, endoscopy coverage, and the level of outpatient polypectomies, will facilitate the evaluation of screening quality and effectiveness and decision making for the long-term reduction in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality rates.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: The pilot project implemented in the Orenburg Region confirmed the effectiveness of a two-stage screening strategy based on the fecal occult blood test and colonoscopy, with the identification of key indicators that will ensure the control and monitoring of the program at the regional level.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>скрининг</kwd><kwd>колоректальный рак</kwd><kwd>Оренбургская область</kwd><kwd>индикаторы эффективности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>screening</kwd><kwd>colorectal cancer</kwd><kwd>Orenburg Region</kwd><kwd>performance indicators</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aleksandrova K, Reichmann R, Kaaks R, et al. 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