sredobЗдоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСОPublic Health and Life Environment – PH&LE2219-52382619-0788ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора10.35627/2219-5238/2025-33-10-45-55sredob-2833Research ArticleГИГИЕНА ПИТАНИЯFOOD HYGIENEМировой опыт по разработке индексов для комплексной оценки рациона детей и подростков. Литературный обзорWorld Experience in Developing Indices for a Comprehensive Assessment of the Diet of Children and Adolescents: A Literature Reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-3410КудрявцеваК. В.KudryavtsevaK. V.

Кудрявцева Ксения Владимировна – младший научный сотрудник лаборатории демографии и эпидемиологии питания

Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14, г. Москва, 109240

Ksenya V. Kudryavtseva, Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Demography and Nutritional Epidemiology

2/14 Ustinsky Driveway, Moscow, 109240

kudryavceva@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2045-5729СмирноваЕ. А.SmirnovaE. A.

Смирнова Елена Александровна – к.тех.н., заведующая лабораторией демографии и эпидемиологии питания

Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14, г. Москва, 109240

Elena А. Smirnova, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Head the Laboratory of Demography and Nutritional Epidemiology

2/14 Ustinsky Driveway, Moscow, 109240

smirnova@ion.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7007-621XБатуринА. К.BaturinA. K.

Батурин Александр Константинович – д.м.н., профессор, руководитель направления «Оптимальное питание»

Устьинский проезд, д. 2/14, г. Москва, 109240

Alexandr K. Baturin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof.; Head of the Optimal Nutrition Direction

2/14 Ustinsky Driveway, Moscow, 109240

baturin@ion.ruФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии»РоссияFederal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Foоd SafetyRussian Federation20252710202533104555Copyright © Кудрявцева К.В., Смирнова Е.А., Батурин А.К., 20252025Кудрявцева К.В., Смирнова Е.А., Батурин А.К.Kudryavtseva K.V., Smirnova E.A., Baturin A.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2833

Введение. Качество питания детей – ключевой фактор их физического и когнитивного развития. Для его оценки по всему миру разрабатывают специализированные индексы, учитывающие возрастные потребности, национальные диетологические рекомендации и особенности пищевого поведения. В данной статье представлен обзор основных индексов качества питания для детей, методик их конструирования, их преимуществ и ограничений.Целью исследования является анализ различных индексов качества питания, которые используются в мировой практике для анализа рационов детей.Материалы и методы. Литературный поиск исследований по разработке индексов качества питания, их обоснованию и анализу был осуществлен с помощью баз данных на платформах PubMed, Elsevier, Science Daily, ResearchGate по ключевым словам: «питание детей», «качество рациона детей», «индекс здорового питания для детей», «HEI-toddlers», «KIDMED», «DDS for children», «MAD». Всего было проанализировано 50 научных работ (42 зарубежных и 8 российских), опубликованных по теме в период 2004–2025 гг., при этом 29 работ не старше 2020 г. выпуска.Результаты. В данном обзоре были рассмотрены 6 ключевых индексов, используемых в зарубежной практике и оценивающих качество питания детей на основе данных о потреблении пищевых продуктов – HEI (Healthy Eating Index), DQI-C (Diet Quality Index for Children), KIDMED (Mediterranean Diet Quality, DDS (Dietary Diversity Score) и MAD.Заключение. Стандартизированный индекс HEI подходит для мониторинга на национальном уровне, а индекс DQI-C с более гибкой системой оценивания – для комплексного анализа качества питания в локальных исследованиях. Индекс KIDMED оценивает приверженность средиземноморской диете у детей, а DDS фокусируется только на разнообразии рациона.

Introduction: Diet quality is a key factor in physical and mental development of children. To assess it, special indices that take into account age-specific needs, national dietary guidelines, and eating habits are being developed worldwide. This article provides an overview of the main diet quality indices for children, methods of their construction, advantages and limitations.Objective: To analyze various diet quality indices used globally to evaluate diets of the pediatric population.Material and Methods: The search for publications on the development of diet quality indices, their substantiation and analysis was done in PubMed, Elsevier, Science Daily, and ResearchGate databases using the following keywords: childhood nutrition, children’s diet quality, healthy eating index for children, HEI–Toddlers, KIDMED, DDS for children, and MAD. We have reviewed 42 foreign and eight Russian scientific papers on the topic published in 2004–2025, of which 29 were issued after January 1, 2020.Results: This review examines six key indices used in foreign practice to assess children’s diet quality based on food consumption data, namely, the Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Diet Quality Index for Children (DQI-C), Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), Dietary Diversity Score (DDS), and Minimal Acceptable Diet (MAD).Conclusions: The Healthy Eating Index is suitable for monitoring at the national level while DQI-C with its more flexible scoring system is appropriate for comprehensive diet quality analysis in local studies. KIDMED evaluates adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern among children whereas DDS focuses on dietary diversity.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.