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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2026-34-1-37-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-2582</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОММУНАЛЬНАЯ ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMMUNAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние алюминия на организм человека и молекулярные механизмы его токсического воздействия (литературный обзор)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Human Health Effects of Aluminum and Molecular Mechanisms of its Toxicity:  A Literature Review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5455-6472</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Усманова</surname><given-names>Э. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Usmanova</surname><given-names>Elza N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Усманова Эльза Наилевна – младший научный сотрудник химико-аналитического отдела,</p><p>ул. Кувыкина, д. 94, г. Уфа, 450106.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elza N. Usmanova, Junior Researcher, Chemical Analysis Department, </p><p>94, Kuvikin Street, Ufa, 450106.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">4usmanova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0039-6757</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каримов</surname><given-names>Д. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karimov</surname><given-names>Denis O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каримов Денис Олегович – к.м.н., заведующий отделом токсикологии и генетики с экспериментальной клиникой лабораторных животных; старший научный сотрудник отдела исследований общественного здоровья,</p><p>ул. Кувыкина, д. 94, г. Уфа, 450106;</p><p>ул. Воронцово поле, д. 12, стр. 1, г. Москва, 105064.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis O. Karimov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Toxicology and Genetics with the Experimental Clinic of Laboratory Animals; Senior Researcher, Department of Public Health Research,</p><p>94, Kuvikin Street, Ufa, 450106;</p><p>12 bldg. 1, Vorontsovo Pole St., Moscow 105064.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karimovdo@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-4802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даукаев</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Daukaev</surname><given-names>Rustem A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даукаев Рустем Аскарович – к.б.н., заведующий химико-аналитическим отделом,</p><p>ул. Кувыкина, д. 94, г. Уфа, 450106.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rustem A. Daukaev, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Chemical Analysis Department,</p><p>94, Kuvikin Street, Ufa, 450106.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ufa.lab@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6127-7703</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шайхлисламова</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaykhlislamova</surname><given-names>Elmira R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шайхлисламова Эльмира Радиковна – к.м.н., директор, </p><p>ул. Кувыкина, д. 94, г. Уфа, 450106.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elmira R. Shaikhlislamova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Director, </p><p>94, Kuvikin Street, Ufa, 450106.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fbun@uniimtech.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН "Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека" Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН "Уфимский НИИ медицины труда и экологии человека" Роспотребнадзора; ФГБНУ «Национальный НИИ общественного здоровья имени Н.А. Семашко»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology; N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Усманова Э.Н., Каримов Д.О., Даукаев Р.А., Шайхлисламова Э.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Усманова Э.Н., Каримов Д.О., Даукаев Р.А., Шайхлисламова Э.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Usmanova E.N., Karimov D.O., Daukaev R.A., Shaykhlislamova E.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2582">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2582</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Алюминий, один из наиболее распространенных элементов в земной коре, широко применяется в промышленности, медицине и быту, что создает множественные пути его поступления в организм человека. Хроническая кумуляция алюминия ассоциирована с развитием нейродегенеративных, почечных и костных патологий, что актуализирует проблему оценки его токсикологического профиля.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: провести систематический анализ современных данных о воздействии алюминия на организм человека и животных, включая пути поступления, механизмы токсичности, накопление в органах-мишенях и молекулярные аспекты его действия, с оценкой эпидемиологических рисков для уязвимых групп населения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ публикаций из баз данных PubMed, Web of Science, eLIBRARY за период 2001–2024 гг. по ключевым словам: «алюминий», «токсичность», «кумуляция», «миграция металлов» с акцентом на экспериментальные и эпидемиологические данные. Из 244 идентифицированных источников отобрано 56 публикаций, соответствующих тематике обзора. Также систематизированы действующие гигиенические нормативы.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что среднесуточное поступление алюминия у взрослых составляет 7–9 мг, однако у детей и лиц с хронической почечной недостаточностью дозы могут превышать допустимые нормы (1 мг/кг/неделя, EFSA) в 2–5 раз. Нейротоксичность алюминия проявляется аккумуляцией в гиппокампе и коре головного мозга, гиперфосфорилированием тау-белка и повышением риска деменции (RR = 2,03). Нефротоксические эффекты включают снижение скорости клубочковой фильтрации на 25 % и рост смертности у пациентов на диализе (HR = 1,37). Генотоксичность реализуется через индукцию окислительного стресса, подавление репарации ДНК и дисрегуляцию метилирования гистонов.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Для минимизации рисков рекомендуется: замена алюминиевых адъювантов в вакцинах, ограничение использования алюминиевой посуды при приготовлении продуктов с низким значением pH, мониторинг содержания алюминия в детском питании. Дальнейшие исследования должны быть направлены на уточнение механизмов токсического действия алюминия и оценку эффективности регуляторных мер по снижению экспозиции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Aluminum, one of the most common elements in the earth’s crust, is widely used in industry, medicine and everyday life, which creates multiple pathways for its entry into the human body. Chronic accumulation of aluminum is associated with the development of neurodegenerative, renal and bone pathologies, making it necessary to update its toxicological profile.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To conduct a systematic analysis of current data on health effects of aluminum in humans and animals, including routes of exposure, mechanisms of toxicity, accumulation in target organs, and molecular aspects of its action, with an assessment of epidemiological risks for vulnerable groups of population.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: We analyzed publications issued in 2001–2024 and found in PubMed, Web of Science, and eLIBRARY databases using the following keywords: aluminum, toxicity, accumulation, and metal migration, with an emphasis on experimental and epidemiological data. Of 244 search results, we selected 56 publications on the topic. Current hygienic standards were also systematized.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The average daily intake of aluminum in adults is 7–9 mg, but in children and individuals with chronic renal failure, doses may exceed the permissible limits (1 mg/kg/week, EFSA) by 2–5 times. The neurotoxicity of aluminum is manifested by accumulation in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein and an increased risk of dementia (RR = 2.03). Nephrotoxic effects include a 25 % decrease in glomerular filtration rate and an increase in mortality in dialysis patients (HR = 1.37). Genotoxicity is realized through the induction of oxidative stress, suppression of DNA repair, and dysregulation of histone methylation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: To minimize risks, it is recommended to replace aluminum adjuvants in vaccines, limit the use of aluminum cookware when preparing foods with low pH, monitor the aluminum content of baby foods. Further research should be aimed at clarifying the mechanisms of the toxic action of aluminum and assessing the effectiveness of regulatory measures to reduce exposure.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>алюминий</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>нейродегенеративные заболевания</kwd><kwd>кумуляция</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>адъюванты.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>aluminum</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>neurodegenerative diseases</kwd><kwd>accumulation</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>adjuvants.</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">исследование проведено без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Soni MG, White SM, Flamm WG, Burdock GA. Safety evaluation of dietary aluminum. 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