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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2025-33-5-55-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-2495</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние лазерного излучения видимой области спектра на функциональное состояние зрительного анализатора</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of visible laser radiation on the functional state of the eye</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0426-8851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малькова</surname><given-names>Н. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mal’kova</surname><given-names>N. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малькова Наталия Юрьевна – д.б.н., главный научный сотрудник отдела физических факторов; профессор кафедры гигиены условий воспитания, обучения, труда и радиационной гигиены</p><p>2-я Советская ул., д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191036</p><p>Кирочная ул., д. 41, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191015</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Yu. Mal’kova, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Chief Researcher, Department of Physical Factors; Professor, Department for Hygiene of Educational, Training, and Occupational Conditions and Radiation Hygiene,</p><p>4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036</p><p>41 Kirochnaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191015</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lasergrmal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5506-6523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>М. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>M D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Милена Дмитриевна – младший научный сотрудник отдела физических факторов</p><p>2-я Советская ул., д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191036</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Milena D. Petrova, Junior Researcher, Department Department of Physical Factors</p><p>4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petrovoi.md@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И.И. Мечникова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Public Health Research Center; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-West Public Health Research Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малькова Н.Ю., Петрова М.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малькова Н.Ю., Петрова М.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mal’kova N.Y., Petrova M.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2495">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2495</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Несмотря на то что с каждым днем появляется все больше информации о влиянии света на зрительный анализатор, данных о действии лазерного излучения видимой области спектра на орган зрения недостаточно. Лазерное излучение в видимой области спектра способно проникать в глаз и достигать сетчатки, что может приводить к повреждениям. Вопрос оценки влияния лазерного излучения на зрительный анализатор приобрел большое значение в связи с ростом числа мероприятий, проведение которых сопровождается лазерным шоу и зафиксированными жалобами посетителей на изменения в органе зрения после посещения подобных мероприятий.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: оценка изменения функционального состояния органа зрения по состоянию цветовой и световой чувствительности при воздействии лазерного излучения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Рассеянное излучение полупроводникового лазера красной, зеленой, синей области спектра с длиной волны 0,63, 0,53, 0,44 мкм соответственно, энергетической освещенности 1 × 10–4 и 1 × 10–5 Вт/см2 направлялось в глаза здоровых добровольцев (от 20 до 40 лет (2 группы по 96 человек). Исследование функционального состояния зрительного анализатора проводилось с использованием методик аномалоскопии, адаптометрии в 2022–2023 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Изучаемые показатели функционального состояния зрительного анализатора имеют достоверные отклонения от исходных значений после воздействия лазерным излучением энергетической освещенностью 1 × 10–5 Вт/см2 (группа 1) и 1 × 10–4 Вт/см2 (группа 2) на всех длинах волн, за исключением испытуемых из группы I (440 нм), которые имеют достоверные отклонения только по зеленому и синему цвету. Также можно отметить, что чувствительность к синему цвету в среднем снижается сильнее всего вне зависимости от длины волны источника, в то время как сам синий свет лазера оказывает наименьшее влияние на световую и цветовую чувствительность глаза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. С учетом зафиксированных изменений необходимы дальнейшие исследования для полного понимания механизмов воздействия различных спектральных диапазонов лазерного излучения на орган зрения и разработки эффективных мер защиты от потенциального вреда.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background: Despite the growing body of knowledge about ocular effects of light, data on the impact of visible laser radiation on the organ of vision is insufficient. This radiation can penetrate the eye, reach the retina, and cause damage. The issue of assessing eye effects of laser radiation has become very important due to the growing number of events accompanied by laser shows and registered complaints of their attendees.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To evaluate changes in the functional state of the eye following laser radiation exposure using light sensitivity and color vision tests.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: Scattered radiation from a semiconductor laser in the red, green, and blue spectral regions with a wavelength of 0.63, 0.53, and 0.44 microns, respectively, with illumination power of 1×10–4 W/cm2 and 1×10–5 W/cm2 , was directed to the eyes of healthy volunteers aged 20 to 40 years divided into two groups of 96 people each. The functional state of the eyes was established using the anomaloscope and dark adaptometry tests in 2022–2023.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The results of testing were significantly different from the initial values following the exposure to laser radiation with illumination power of 1×10–5 W/cm2 (group 1) and 1×10–4 W/cm2 (group 2) at all wavelengths, with the exception of subjects from group 1 (440 nm), who had significant deviations only in terms of green and blue colors. It is worth noting that blue light sensitivity decreases the most, regardless of the wavelength of the source, while the blue laser light itself has the least effect on the light sensitivity and color vision.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Given the changes observed, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of effect of various spectral ranges of laser radiation on the organ of vision and to develop effective protective measures against the potential harm.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лазерное излучение видимой области спектра</kwd><kwd>цветочувствительность</kwd><kwd>светочувствительность</kwd><kwd>зрительный анализатор</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>visible laser radiation</kwd><kwd>color vision</kwd><kwd>light sensitivity</kwd><kwd>eye</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Некрасова М.А., Ротов А.Ю., Николаева Д.А., Астахова Л.А. 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