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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2025-33-1-73-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-2480</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микробиологический мониторинг в системе эпидемиологического надзора  за инфекциями, вызванными Pseudomonas aeruginosa</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microbiological Monitoring within the System of Epidemiological Surveillance  of Infections Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4146-0332</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гординская</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordinskaya</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гординская Наталья Александровна – д.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории микробиологии</p><p>ул. Малая Ямская, д. 71, г. Нижний Новгород, 603950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Natalia A. Gordinskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Microbiology Laboratory</p><p>71 Malaya Yamskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Gordinskaya.nata@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4582-5623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бруснигина</surname><given-names>Н. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brusnigina</surname><given-names>N. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бруснигина Нина Федоровна – к.м.н., заведующий лабораторией метагеномики и молекулярной индикации патогенов</p><p>ул. Малая Ямская, д. 71, г. Нижний Новгород, 603950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina F. Brusnigina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Metagenomics and Molecular Indication of Pathogens</p><p>71 Malaya Yamskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mazepavn@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6482-0268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Алексеева</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Alekseeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексеева Анна Евгеньевна – к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории метагеномики и молекулярной индикации патогенов</p><p>ул. Малая Ямская, д. 71, г. Нижний Новгород, 603950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna E. Alekseeva, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Metagenomics and Molecular Indication of Pathogens</p><p>71 Malaya Yamskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.e.alexeeva79@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6249-9466</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борискина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boriskina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борискина Елена Владимировна – мл. научн. сотрудник лаборатории микробиологии</p><p>ул. Малая Ямская, д. 71, г. Нижний Новгород, 603950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Boriskina, Junior Researcher, Microbiology Laboratory</p><p>71 Malaya Yamskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenabor76@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9443-0030</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Махова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makhova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Махова Мария Александровн – к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории метагеномики и молекулярной индикации патогенов</p><p>ул. Малая Ямская, д. 71, г. Нижний Новгород, 603950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mariya A. Makhova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Metagenomics and Molecular Indication of Pathogens</p><p>71 Malaya Yamskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">marymax@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0682-5076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шкуркина</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkurkina</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шкуркина Ирина Сергеевна – младший научный сотрудник  лаборатории микробиологии</p><p>ул. Малая Ямская, д. 71, г. Нижний Новгород, 603950</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina S. Shkurkina, Junior Researcher, Microbiology Laboratory</p><p>71 Malaya Yamskaya Street, Nizhny Novgorod, 603950</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xthybr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Нижегородский научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. академика &#13;
И.Н. Блохиной» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Academician I.N. Blokhina Nizhny Novgorod Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>33</volume><issue>1</issue><elocation-id>73–81</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гординская Н.А., Бруснигина Н.Ф., Алексеева А.Е., Борискина Е.В., Махова М.А., Шкуркина И.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гординская Н.А., Бруснигина Н.Ф., Алексеева А.Е., Борискина Е.В., Махова М.А., Шкуркина И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gordinskaya N.A., Brusnigina N.F., Alekseeva A.E., Boriskina E.V., Makhova M.A., Shkurkina I.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2480">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2480</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Pseudomonas aeruginosa как возбудитель гнойно-воспалительных процессов, по данным ВОЗ, является микроорганизмом с критическим уровнем приоритетности в силу наличия многочисленных факторов патогенности и высокого уровня приобретенной антибиотикорезистентности.</p><p>Целью исследования было изучение фенотипических характеристик клинических изолятов P. aeruginosa и анализ их молекулярно-генетических особенностей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проанализированы 103 изолята P. aeruginosa. Определение фенотипа чувствительности к антибактериальным препаратам проводили диско-диффузионным методом, определение минимальных подавляющих концентраций колистина с помощью набора «MIC Colistin». Полногеномное секвенирование проводили на приборе iSeq (Illumina, США).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Для всех штаммов была характерна типичная биохимическая активность. 90 % штаммов P. aeruginosa фенотипически были устойчивы к пенициллинам, половина изолятов были резистентны к цефепиму и цефтазидиму, к цефтазидим/авибактаму две трети штаммов были чувствительны. Имипенем был активен в отношении 10,0 % штаммов, меропенем – 38,0 %, а при тестировании дорипенема 84,8% штаммов находились в категории умеренно резистентных, амикацин и тобрамицин проявляли in vitro высокую активность, максимальная активность отмечена у колистина. В геноме всех секвенированных штаммов P. aeruginosa обнаружены многочисленные детерминанты факторов патогенности - сидерофоров пиовердина и пиохелина, гены, кодирующие продукцию экзотоксинов ExoS, ExoT, ExoY, ExoU. У 9 штаммов P. aeruginosa выявлен ген algT, обусловливающий гипермукоидный фенотип. У всех штаммов обнаружен ген tss, являющийся ключевым фактором патогенности P. aeruginosa. В структуру резистома штаммов P. aeruginosa входят гены, кодирующие различные бета-латамазы группы OXA, PDC и VEB. Ген металло-бета-лактамазы blaVIM-2 обнаружен у 1 штамма. У 9 штаммов P. aeruginosa обнаружены мутации в гене oprD, отвечающем за изменение структуры пориновых каналов, а у 11 штаммов – мутации в генах МехА, В, D активации эффлюксных насосов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Таким образом, регулярный микробиологический мониторинг дает возможность слежения за циркуляцией антибиотикорезистентных штаммов и является значимым инструментом обеспечения эпидемиологической безопасности.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a causative agent of purulent inflammation is a microorganism with a critical priority level due to the presence of numerous pathogenicity factors and a high level of acquired antibiotic resistance.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To study phenotypic characteristics of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates and to analyze their molecular genetic features.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: We analyzed 103 P. aeruginosa isolates. The phenotype of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs was determined using the disk diffusion test while the minimum inhibitory concentration of colistin was determined using the MIC Colistin kit. The Illumina iSeq (Illumina, USA) was used for genome-wide sequencing.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Typical biochemical activity was characteristic of all strains. 90 % of the analyzed P. aeruginosa strains showed phenotypic resistance to penicillin, half of the isolates were resistant to cefepime and ceftazidime, and two thirds of the strains were sensitive to ceftazidime/avibactam. Imipenem was active against 10.0 % of the strains, meropenem – against 38.0 %. When testing doripenem, 84.8 % of the strains were in the category of moderately resistant; amikacin and tobramycin showed high activity in vitro, with colistin exhibiting the maximum activity. Numerous determinants of pathogenicity factors were found in the genome of all sequenced strains of P. aeruginosa, including pyoverdin and pyochelin siderophores, genes encoding the production of exotoxins ExoS, ExoT, ExoY, and ExoU. The algT gene was detected in nine strains of P. aeruginosa accounting for a hypermucoid phеnotype. The tss gene, which is a key factor in the pathogenicity of P. aeruginosa, was found in all strains. The structure of the resistome of P. aeruginosa strains includes genes encoding various beta-lactamases of the OXA, PDC and VEB groups. The blaVIM-2 metal-beta-lactamase gene was found in one strain. Mutations in the OprD gene responsible for changing the structure of porin channels were found in nine P. aeruginosa strains, and mutations in the МехА, B, and D activation genes of efflux pumps were found in 11 strains.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Regular microbiological monitoring makes it possible to track the circulation of antibiotic-resistant strains and is an important tool for ensuring epidemiological safety.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>фенотип антибиотикорезистентности</kwd><kwd>гены патогенности</kwd><kwd>детерминанты антибиотикорезистентности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance phenotype</kwd><kwd>pathogenicity genes</kwd><kwd>determinants of antibiotic resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горяинова А.В., Поликарпова С.В., Семыкин С.Ю., Каширская Н.Ю., Михалаки П.И. 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