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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2020-328-7-37-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-235</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микобактериоз как инфекция, связанная с оказанием медицинской помощи (обзор эпидемиологических исследований)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mycobacteriosis as a healthcare-associated infection: A review of epidemiologic studies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2097-5679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0666-7418</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амирова</surname><given-names>Танзиля Хафизовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirova</surname><given-names>Tanzilya Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tanzilya.amirova.85@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3721-5649</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>Ф. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>F. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Марийский государственный университет»; ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mari State University; Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Марийский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mari State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Марийский государственный университет»; ГБУ РМЭ «Республиканский противотуберкулезный диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mari State University; Republican Tuberculosis Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Петров И.В., Амирова Т.Х., Петрова Л.В., Петрова Ф.С., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Петров И.В., Амирова Т.Х., Петрова Л.В., Петрова Ф.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Petrov I.V., Amirova T.K., Petrova L.V., Petrova F.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/235">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/235</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Инфекции, связанные с оказанием медицинской помощи, имеют большое социально-экономическое значение и характеризуются значительным количеством различных возбудителей. Нетуберкулезные микобактерии являются повсеместно распространенными микроорганизмами, которые могут циркулировать в медицинской организации. Цель настоящего обзора эпидемиологических исследований - определить особенности микобактериоза как инфекции, связанной с оказанием медицинской помощи, с учетом степени достоверности полученных результатов и соответствия эпидемиологических исследований критериям доказательной медицины. Методы. Были отобраны и проанализированы научные работы по поисковым электронным базам данных (Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY и ResearchGate) согласно ключевым словам: Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria, Healthcare-associated Infections, Mycobacteriosis. Из 342 найденных источников авторами было отобрано 127 с учетом ключевых слов, после проведенного анализа отобранной литературы в настоящее исследование в соответствии с темой работы было включено 34 источника. Установлено, что нетуберкулезные микобактерии могут присутствовать в различных объектах медицинской организации. Например, в системах водоснабжения, изделиях медицинского назначения и медицинского оборудования (аппаратуре). Определено, что микобактериальная инфекция нозокомиальной этиологии может характеризоваться различными клиническими проявлениями (артриты, кератиты, болезни кровеносной системы, кожи и т. д.), что определяется разными аспектами, в том числе разнородностью группы нетуберкулезных микобактерий, входными воротами (хирургические вмешательства на различных органах и системах организма человека и т. д.), путями и факторами передачи. Отдельный вопрос представляет устойчивость нетуберкулезных микобактерий к ряду дезинфицирующих средств, что определяет актуальность углубленных исследований с позиции обеспечения санитарно-противоэпидемического (дезинфекционного) режима в структурных подразделениях медицинских организаций. Выводы. Выявленные факты показывают, что микобактериальная инфекция может рассматриваться как инфекция, связанная с оказанием медицинской помощи, что требует дальнейшей углубленной ее оценки с различных позиций: проведения микробиологического мониторинга объектов медицинской организации, статистического учета нозокомиальных инфекций, настороженности лечащих врачей и врачей-бактериологов при диагностике микобактериоза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are of great socio-economic importance and are characterized by a large number of different pathogens. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous microorganisms that can circulate in a medical organization. The purpose of this review of epidemiologic studies was to establish the main features of mycobac-teriosis as a healthcare-associated infection, taking into account the significance of the results and the compliance of the reviewed studies with the criteria of evidence-based medicine. Methods: We did a key word search for “nontuberculous mycobacteria”, “healthcare-associated infections”, and “mycobacteriosis” in several electronic bibliographic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY, and ResearchGate and selected 127 out of 342 search results. Having analyzed the selected articles, we decided to include 34 of them in this study according to the topic of work. We established that nontuberculous mycobacteria can be found in various objects of health facilities, e.g. water supply systems, medical products and equipment. We also found that mycobacterial infection of nosocomial etiology could have various clinical manifestations (arthritis, keratitis, circulatory and skin diseases, etc.) determined by various aspects, such as heterogeneity of the group of nontuberculous mycobacteria, portals of entry (surgical procedures on various organs and systems of the human body, etc.), pathways of exposure and transmission factors. Resistance of nontuberculous mycobacteria to a number of disinfectants is a special question defining the importance of profound research in terms of ensuring sanitary and anti-epidemic (disinfection) safety within health facilities. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mycobacterial infection can be considered as a healthcare-associated infection requiring an in-depth assessment from various perspectives including a microbiological monitoring of medical objects, statistical accounting of nosocomial infections, and clinical alertness in the diagnosis of mycobacteriosis by attending physicians and bacteriologists, etc.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микобактериоз</kwd><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>связанные с оказанием медицинской помощи</kwd><kwd>инфекционный контроль</kwd><kwd>эпидемиологические риски</kwd><kwd>mycobacteriosis</kwd><kwd>healthcare-associated infection</kwd><kwd>infection control</kwd><kwd>epidemiologic risks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Акимкин В.Г., Тутельян А.В. 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