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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2020-327-6-44-49</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-226</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ПИТАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOOD HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Направленное ферментирование как фактор формирования стабильного качества квашеной капусты</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Human-Directed Fermentation as a Factor Securing Stable Quality of Sauerkraut</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0913-5644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кондратенко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kondratenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7857-6785</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Посокина</surname><given-names>Наталья Евгеньевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Posokina</surname><given-names>Natalia E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Labtech45@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5466-4310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лялина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyalina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Федеральный научный центр пищевых систем им. В.М. Горбатова» РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems, Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>49</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кондратенко В.В., Посокина Н.Е., Лялина О.Ю., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кондратенко В.В., Посокина Н.Е., Лялина О.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kondratenko V.V., Posokina N.E., Lyalina O.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/226">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/226</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Безопасность пищевых продуктов, безусловно, является приоритетом и для производителей, и для потребителей. Очевидно, что вопросы безопасности, санитарии, качества и согласованности относятся ко всем обработанным продуктам, а не только к ферментированным. Тем не менее, пищевая промышленность ферментированных продуктов уникальна - это отрасль, в которой потребительский успех продукта зависит, в том числе, и от роста и активности микроорганизмов. Сегодня существует необходимость обобщения знаний о факторах, влияющих на развитие целевой микрофлоры ферментированных растительных объектов, и, как следствие, на получение качественного продукта, обладающего несомненной биологической и пищевой ценностью, с минимизацией потерь при его производстве. Цель работы. Обобщить факторы, влияющие на развитие целевой микрофлоры, качество ферментированной овощной продукции и микробиальную порчу при хранении. Результаты. В работе рассмотрены основные принципы ферментации овощей с микробиологической и биохимической точек зрения. Под влиянием динамично меняющихся условий среды в процессе ферментации растительного сырья происходит сложная видовая смена микроорганизмов, участвующих в данном процессе. Наиболее важной группой микроорганизмов являются молочнокислые бактерии, применяемые в процессе ферментации овощей для производства продуктов, более стабильных при хранении. Выводы. Ферментация - относительно недорогой и энергосберегающий способ переработки овощей. В процессе ферментации повышается безопасность пищевых продуктов в силу того, что снижается опасность развития патогенных микроорганизмов, и, следовательно, достижения ими инфекционного или токсикогенного уровня. Перед исследователями, изучающими процесс ферментации растительного сырья и создающими заквасочные культуры для данного процесса, стоит задача повышения качества и снижения порчи ферментированных овощей. Это возможно обеспечить, организовав «управляемый» процесс ферментации с использованием сочетания биологических, химических и физических факторов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction: Introduction: Food safety is an absolute priority for both producers and consumers. It is obvious that the issues of safety, sanitation, quality and consistency apply to all processed products, not only to fermented ones. However, the industry of fermented foods is unique: it is the industry where a product success depends, inter alia, on the growth and activity of microorganisms. Today, there is a need to summarize knowledge about the factors that affect the development of the target microflora of fermented plant objects and, as a result, to obtain a quality product that has an undoubted biological and nutritional value with minimal losses during its production. Objectives: Our goal was to generalize factors affecting the development of the target microflora, the quality of fermented vegetable products, and microbial spoilage during storage. Results: The article discusses basic principles of vegetable fermentation from the microbiological and biochemical points of view. Under the influence of dynamically changing conditions in the process of fermentation of plant raw materials, there occurs a complex species change of microorganisms involved in this process. The most important group of microorganisms includes lactic acid bacteria used in fermentation of vegetables for manufacturing products that are more stable during storage. Conclusions: Fermentation is an affordable and energy-saving method of vegetable processing. It helps increase food safety by reducing the risk of growth of pathogenic microorganisms to infectious or toxicogenic levels. The researchers studying fermentation of plant raw materials and creating starter cultures for this process are faced with the task of improving the quality and reducing spoilage of fermented vegetables. This can be achieved by organizing a human-directed fermentation process using a combination of biological, chemical, and physical factors.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ферментация</kwd><kwd>молочнокислое брожение</kwd><kwd>заквасочные культуры</kwd><kwd>штаммы молочнокислых микроорганизмов</kwd><kwd>fermentation</kwd><kwd>lactic acid fermentation</kwd><kwd>starter cultures</kwd><kwd>strains of lactic acid microorganisms</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guizani N, Mothershaw A. Fermentation. In: Handbook of Food Science, Technology and Engineering. Hui Y H, editor. 2006; Vol. 2. Boca Raton: CRC Press. 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