sredobЗдоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСОPublic Health and Life Environment – PH&LE2219-52382619-0788ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора10.35627/2219-5238/2024-32-5-53-65sredob-2013Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНА ТРУДАOCCUPATIONAL MEDICINEВлияние электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона на репродуктивную систему женского организма (обзор)Influence of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on female reproductive health: A reviewhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8314-2044НикитинаВ. Н.NikitinaV. N.

Никитина Валентина Николаевна – д.м.н., старший научный сотрудник, заведующая отделением изучения электромагнитных излучений

2-я Советская ул., д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191036

Valentina N. Nikitina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Head of the Department of Electromagnetic Radiation Research

4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036

v.nikitina@s-znc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9475-0176КалининаН. И.KalininaN. I.

Калинина Нина Ивановна – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник отделения изучения электромагнитных излучений

2-я Советская ул., д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191036,

Nina I. Kalinina, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of Electromagnetic Radiation Research

4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036

n.kalinina@s-znc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4235-378XДубровскаяЕ. Н.DubrovskayaE. N.

Дубровская Екатерина Николаевна – научный сотрудник отделения изучения электромагнитных излучений

2-я Советская ул., д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191036

Ekaterina N. Dubrovskaya, Researcher, Department of Electromagnetic Radiation Research

4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036

nikanorushka@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8141-7179ПлехановВ. П.PlekhanovV. P.

Плеханов Владимир Павлович – научный сотрудник отделения изучения электромагнитных излучений

2-я Советская ул., д. 4, г. Санкт-Петербург, 191036

Vladimir P. Plekhanov, Researcher, Department of Electromagnetic Radiation Research

4, 2nd Sovetskaya Street, Saint Petersburg, 191036

v.plehanov@s-znc.ruФБУН «Северо-Западный научный центр гигиены и общественного здоровья» РоспотребнадзораРоссияNorth-West Public Health Research CenterRussian Federation2024140620243255365Copyright © Никитина В.Н., Калинина Н.И., Дубровская Е.Н., Плеханов В.П., 20242024Никитина В.Н., Калинина Н.И., Дубровская Е.Н., Плеханов В.П.Nikitina V.N., Kalinina N.I., Dubrovskaya E.N., Plekhanov V.P.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/2013Введение

Введение. Воздействие электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона на репродуктивную систему женского организма глубоко изучалось в комплексных экспериментальных и клинико-гигиенических исследованиях в нашей стране в XX веке. Полученные результаты учитывались при разработке методологии гигиенического нормирования.

Цель исследования

Цель исследования: ретроспективный анализ научных данных о влиянии электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона на репродуктивную систему женского организма.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Выполнен обзор научных отечественных и зарубежных исследований с использованием библиографических баз данных Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed. Поиск осуществлялся по ключевым словам: электромагнитные поля, репродуктивная система, женский организм. Из 89 научных статей было отобрано 56 публикаций, которые соответствовали цели исследования и подтверждали неблагоприятное влияние электромагнитного фактора на состояние репродуктивной системы женского организма.

Результаты

Результаты. Выполненные отечественные клинико-гигиенические исследования состояния здоровья женщин, подвергающихся воздействию электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона в производственных условиях, экспериментальные исследования на животных свидетельствуют о негативном влиянии электромагнитных излучений на женскую репродуктивную систему. В настоящее время в основном представлены работы по экспериментальному изучению влияния электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона со сложными характеристиками радиочастотного сигнала на репродуктивную систему самок лабораторных животных. В зарубежных эпидемиологических исследованиях основное внимание уделяется изучению влияния мобильных телефонов. В нормативно-методических документах наблюдается снижение требований к условиям труда женщин в период беременности.

Заключение

Заключение. Исследование показало, что у женщин, работающих с источниками электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона не тепловой интенсивности, репродуктивные эффекты могут проявляться нарушениями менструального цикла, токсикозами беременности, преждевременными родами и выкидышами. В экспериментальных исследованиях на животных подтверждено влияние электромагнитных полей радиочастотного диапазона нетепловой интенсивности на репродуктивную систему.

Introduction

Introduction: Effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the female reproductive system were the focus of comprehensive experimental, clinical, and epidemiologic studies in Russia in the 20th century. Their findings were taken into account when developing health regulations.

Objective

Objective: To analyze research data on the harmful impact of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on the female reproductive system.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods: We reviewed domestic and foreign publications found in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed bibliographic databases using the following keywords: electromagnetic fields, reproductive system, and female. Of 89 papers originally selected, 56 proved adverse effects of the electromagnetic factor on the female reproductive system and were eligible for inclusion in the review.

Results

Results: Both Russian clinical and epidemiologic studies of women exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the occupational setting and experimental animal studies give evidence of negative effects of electromagnetic radiation on the female reproductive system. At present, experimental studies of reproductive effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields with complex characteristics of a radio frequency signal in female laboratory animals are mainly presented. Foreign epidemiologic studies mainly focus on effects of mobile phone usage. Requirements for working conditions of pregnant women have been reduced in guidelines and regulations.

Conclusions

Conclusions: Reproductive effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in women include menstrual disorders, toxicosis during pregnancy, premature birth, and miscarriages. Animal testing also demonstrated their detrimental impact on reproductive health.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.