sredobЗдоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСОPublic Health and Life Environment – PH&LE2219-52382619-0788ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора10.35627/2219-5238/2024-32-2-18-25sredob-1885Research ArticleСОЦИОЛОГИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫMEDICAL SOCIOLOGYПандемия и питание: анализ пищевого поведения россиян в контексте здоровьесбереженияPandemic and Nutrition: Analysis of Eating Behavior of Russians in the Context of Health Maintenancehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2901-3932БаргА. О.BargA. О.

Барг Анастасия Олеговна – к.соц.н., доцент кафедры социологии.

ул. Букирева, д. 15, Пермь, 614990

Anastasiya O. Barg - Cand. Sci. (Sociol.), Associate Professor, Department of Sociology.

20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow, 101000

an-bg@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-3983-5994СирковскаяТ. В.SirkovskayaT. V.

Сирковская Татьяна Владимировна – социолог Центра социологических исследований.

ул. Букирева, д. 15, Пермь, 614990

Tatyana V. Sirkovskaya - Sociologist, Social Research Center at the Perm State University.

20 Myasnitskaya Street, Moscow, 101000

sirkovsk1624@gmail.comФГАОУ ВО «Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет»РоссияNational Research University “Higher School of Economics”Russian Federation2024290220243221825Copyright © Барг А.О., Сирковская Т.В., 20242024Барг А.О., Сирковская Т.В.Barg A.О., Sirkovskaya T.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1885Введение

Введение. Пандемия COVID-19 изменила повседневное поведение и привычки россиян, в т. ч. и практики питания, что влечет последствия для здоровья населения.

Цель исследования

Цель исследования: выявление особенностей трансформации пищевых практик россиян в периоды до, во время и после пандемии COVID-19 для определения воздействия условий и контекста распространения коронавирусной инфекции на пищевое поведение и привычки.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Использовался метод контент-анализа уникальных русскоязычных сообщений из социальных сетей «ВКонтакте» и «Одноклассники» (145 тыс. сообщений). Данные собирались с помощью сервиса мониторинга социальных сетей IQBuzz в разрезе трех периодов: до (01.01.2018–28.02.2020), во время (01.03.2020–30.06.2022) и после пандемии COVID-19 (01.07.2022–31.08.2023).

Результаты

Результаты. Обнаружено, что вне зависимости от временного периода в качестве ключевых компонентов здорового рациона россиянами рассматриваются фрукты и овощи (26,9 %), молочные и кисломолочные продукты (12,6 %), вода (9,0 %), чай (10,0 %) и мясо (8,3 %). Попытки справиться со стрессом в период пандемии выражались в увеличении количества праздничных застолий (в 2,6 раза выше во время пандемии и в 2 раза больше после нее, чем до) и «готовке» для расслабления, в большем потреблении сладостей (до – 3,9 %, во время – 6,2 %, после – 5,1 %), а также алкоголя (3,6; 3,2 и 4,3 % соответственно). Сохранение высокой напряженности социальных контекстов закрепило практики «заедания» стресса сладким и потребления алкоголя. Выявлен переход от традиционных покупок в офлайн-магазинах к широкому использованию онлайн-сервисов, который стал устойчивой нормой потребления после эпидемии.

Заключение

Заключение. Здоровьесбережение связано с выбором продуктов и пищевым поведением, а обсуждение здорового и правильного питания стало более частой темой после пандемии. В целом же результаты исследования позволяют сделать вывод, что большинство россиян стабильны в своих пищевых практиках в контексте здоровьесбережения.

Introduction

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed usual behavior and habits, including dietary practices, of Russian people, which has implications for public health.

Objective

Objective: To identify specifics of transformation of dietary practices of Russians before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in order to establish the impact of conditions and context of this infectious disease spread on eating behavior and habits.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods: We used the method of content analysis of unique Russian-language messages from the VKontakte and Odnoklassniki social networks (145 thousand messages). Data were collected using the IQBuzz social media monitoring service during three time spans: before (January 1, 2018 to February 28, 2020), during (March 1, 2020 to June 30, 2022), and after the COVID-19 pandemic (July 1, 2022 to August 31, 2023).

Results

Results: We found that, regardless of the time span under study, Russians consider fruits and vegetables (26.9 %), dairy and fermented milk products (12.6 %), water (9.0 %), tea (10.0 %), and meat (8.3 %) as key components of a healthy diet. Attempts to cope with stress caused by the pandemic were manifested by a 2.6-fold and double increase in the number of festive feasts during and after the pandemic, respectively; cooking for relaxation; higher consumption rates of sweets (before – 3.9 %, during – 6.2 %, and after – 5.1 %) and alcohol (3.6 %, 3.2 %, and 4.3 %, respectively). The persistence of high social tension deepened the practices of emotional eating of sweets and drinking alcohol. We observed a shift from traditional offline shopping to a widespread use of online services, which became a sustainable norm of consumption after the pandemic.

Conclusion

Conclusion: Health maintenance is closely related with food choices and eating behavior, so healthy eating has become a more frequent topic of discussion after the pandemic. Our findings suggest that the majority of Russians are stable in their dietary practices in the context of preserving health.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.