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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-12-73-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1860</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ПИТАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>FOOD HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Потребление молочных продуктов населением Российской Федерации: ретроспективный анализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Consumption of Dairy Products in the Russian Federation: A Retrospective Analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9762-2647</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кешабянц</surname><given-names>Э. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Keshabyants</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кешабянц Эвелина Эдуардовна – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории демографии и эпидемиологии питания</p><p>Устьинский пр-д, д. 2/14, г. Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evelina E. Keshabyants, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior  Researcher, Laboratory of Demography and Nutritional Epidemiology</p><p>2/14 Ustyinsky Driveway, Moscow, 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evk1410@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7664-2523</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денисова Наталья Николаевна – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории демографии и эпидемиологии питания</p><p>Устьинский пр-д, д. 2/14, г. Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia N. Denisova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Demography and Nutritional Epidemiology</p><p>2/14 Ustyinsky Driveway, Moscow, 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denisova-55@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5200-7907</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартинчик</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martinchik</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Арсений Николаевич – д.м.н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории демографии и эпидемиологии питания</p><p>Устьинский пр-д, д. 2/14, г. Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arseniy N. Martinchik, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Demography and Nutritional Epidemiology</p><p>2/14 Ustyinsky Driveway, Moscow, 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arsmartin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2045-5729</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смирнова Елена Александровна – к.т.н., руководитель лаборатории демографии и эпидемиологии питания</p><p>Устьинский пр-д, д. 2/14, г. Москва, 109240</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Smirnova, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Head of the Laboratory of Demography and Nutritional Epidemiology</p><p>2/14 Ustyinsky Driveway, Moscow, 109240</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnova@ion.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «ФИЦ питания и биотехнологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Center of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кешабянц Э.Э., Денисова Н.Н., Мартинчик А.Н., Смирнова Е.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кешабянц Э.Э., Денисова Н.Н., Мартинчик А.Н., Смирнова Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Keshabyants E.E., Denisova N.N., Martinchik A.N., Smirnova E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1860">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1860</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В статье представлен анализ динамики потребления молока и молочных продуктов населением Российской Федерации в период с 1990 по 2022 г. и их роль в питании как источника критически значимых пищевых веществ.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: анализ динамики потребления молока и молочных продуктов населением России, ретроспективный анализ тенденций изменения структуры их потребления.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Анализ структуры потребления молока и молочных продуктов выполнен на основе данных следующих обследований: ежегодные выборочные обследования бюджетов домашних хозяйств, Росстат, 1990–2022 гг.; выборочное наблюдение рационов питания населения, Росстат, 2013 и 2018 гг.; Российский мониторинг социально-экономического положения и состояния здоровья населения в 1994–2012 гг.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Отмечена положительная тенденция роста частоты потребления молока и молочных продуктов населением, однако в целом их потребление остается ниже рекомендуемых рациональных величин. Наибольший рост в потреблении отмечен для кисломолочных продуктов, йогурта, сметаны и сливок, творога и сырковой массы, сыра и брынзы. При этом только 74,5 % взрослых и детей старше 1 года ежедневно или несколько раз в неделю включают в рацион молоко и кисломолочные продукты, творог и творожные изделия – 47,6 % и сыр – 54,5 %. Снижение потребления молока и молочных продуктов населением, в первую очередь детьми, можно рассматривать в качестве серьезного фактора риска развития дефицитов важнейших эссенциальных нутриентов (кальция и витаминов), а также связанных с ними заболеваний – остеопении и остеопороза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Обоснована необходимость разработки и реализации адресных образовательных программ по вопросам здорового питания для различных групп населения с акцентом на роль молочных продуктов в питании, их вклад в обеспеченность макро- и микронутриентами, а также рекомендаций о включении в ежедневный рацион не менее 2–3 порций молочных продуктов как для детского, так и взрослого населения. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: The article presents the results of analyzing the dynamics of consumption of milk and dairy products in the Russian Federation in 1990–2022 and their role in nutrition as a source of essential nutrients.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To analyze the dynamics and past trends in the consumption of milk and dairy products in Russia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: We analyzed patterns of milk and dairy product consumption based on data of the following surveys: annual sample surveys of household budgets conducted by the Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) in 1990–2022; sample observations of diets carried out by Rosstat in the years 2013 and 2018, and the Russian monitoring of the socio-economic situation and health status of the population in 1994–2012.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: We have noted a positive upward trend in the frequency of consumption of milk and dairy products by the population; yet, in general, their consumption remains below the recommended rational values. The greatest increase in consumption was noted for fermented milk products, yogurt, sour cream and cream, cottage cheese and curd mass, cheese and feta cheese. At the same time, we established that only 74.5 % of adults and children over a year old include milk and fermented milk products, 47.6 % – cottage cheese and curd products, and 54.5 % – cheese in their diet daily or several times a week. A decrease in the consumption of milk and dairy products by the population, especially children, can be considered as a serious risk factor for the development of deficiencies of the most important essential nutrients (calcium and vitamins) and such related diseases as osteopenia and osteoporosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The necessity of developing and implementing targeted educational programs for various population groups on healthy eating with an emphasis on the role of dairy products in nutrition, their contribution to supply of macro- and micronutrients, as well as recommendations on including at least 2 to 3 servings of dairy products in the daily diet, both for children and adults, is substantiated. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молоко</kwd><kwd>молочные продукты</kwd><kwd>структура потребления</kwd><kwd>состояние питания и здоровья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>dairy products</kwd><kwd>consumption pattern</kwd><kwd>nutrition and health status</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Коденцова В.М., Рисник Д.В. 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