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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-12-7-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1853</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВОПРОСЫ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ И СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ГИГИЕНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ISSUES OF MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пространственное моделирование смертности трудоспособного населения Республики Башкортостан</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Spatial Modeling of Mortality of the Working-Age Population in the Republic of Bashkortostan</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-9202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лакман</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lakman</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лакман Ирина Александровна – к.т.н., заведующая лабораторией исследования социально-экономических проблем регионов</p><p>ул. Заки Валиди, д. 32, г. Уфа, 450076, Республика Башкортостан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Lakman, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Head of the Laboratory for the Study of Socio-Economic Problems of Regions </p><p>32 Zaki Validi Street, Ufa, 450076</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lackmania@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7980-4113</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аскаров</surname><given-names>Р. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Askarov</surname><given-names>R. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аскаров Расул Аскарович – к.м.н., доцент кафедры техносферной безопасности</p><p>ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 23, г. Москва, 117997</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rasul A. Askarov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Technosphere Safety</p><p>23 Miklukho-Maklay Street, Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rasul72@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1004-0722</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимирьянова</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timiryanova</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимирьянова Венера Маратовна – д.э.н., заместитель заведующего лабораторией исследования социально-экономических проблем регионов</p><p>ул. Заки Валиди, д. 32, г. Уфа, 450076, Республика Башкортостан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Venera M. Timiryanova, Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Deputy Head of the Laboratory for the Study of Socio-Economic Problems of Regions</p><p>32 Zaki Validi Street, Ufa, 450076</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">79174073127@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9772-1311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аскарова</surname><given-names>З. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Askarova</surname><given-names>Z. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Аскарова Загира Фаткулловна – д.м.н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии № 2</p><p>ул. Ленина, д. 3, г. Уфа, 450008</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zagira F. Askarova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Hospital Therapy No. 2</p><p>3 Lenin Street, Ufa, 450008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zagira_a@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уфимский университет науки и технологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ufa University of Science and Technology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский государственный геологоразведочный университет им. С. Орджоникидзе»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sergo Ordzhonikidze Russian State University for Geological Prospecting</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лакман И.А., Аскаров Р.А., Тимирьянова В.М., Аскарова З.Ф., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лакман И.А., Аскаров Р.А., Тимирьянова В.М., Аскарова З.Ф.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lakman I.A., Askarov R.A., Timiryanova V.M., Askarova Z.F.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1853">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1853</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Сохраняющаяся высокая смертность населения в трудоспособном возрасте оказывает влияние как на производственный потенциал страны, так и на перспективы достижения цели увеличения ожидаемой продолжительности здоровой жизни, обозначенной нацпроектом «Демография» в частности. Вариация смертности населения проявляется не только в структурных различиях населения (пол, возраст и т. д.), она также формируется вследствие значительных различий региональных условий жизнедеятельности, что требует более внимательного изучения пространственных факторов ее роста.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: проведение пространственного анализа смертности трудоспособного населения и выделение факторов, ее определяющих, на основе данных по Республике Башкортостан.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Информационной основой исследования является сбалансированная панель показателей смертности населения и социально-экономических факторов, ее определяющих, по 74 объектам (54 района и 20 городов) и 19 временным интервалам (2002–2020 гг.), сформированная отдельно для мужчин и женщин. В качестве методов анализа использовались коэффициент пространственной автокорреляции Морана, пространственное панельное регрессионное моделирование. В качестве весовой матрицы пространственной связности территорий применялась матрица соседства.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Статистический анализ данных показал, что для смертности трудоспособного населения, в том числе для мужчин и женщин, имеет место выраженная пространственная автокорреляция (p &lt; 0,001). Увеличение валового муниципального продукта на душу населения в определенном муниципальном образовании значимо (p &lt; 0,001) снижает уровень общей смертности как для мужчин, так и для женщин трудоспособного возраста. Значимым фактором, повышающим смертность населения, является рост общей криминогенности территории. Гендерные различия проявились во влиянии обеспеченности медицинскими ресурсами населения на смертность в трудоспособных возрастах: для женщин значимого влияния данного фактора не выявлено.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Смертность населения имеет не локальную, а пространственно-зависимую природу. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: The persisting high mortality rate among working-age adults affects both the production potential of the country and the prospects for achieving the goal of increasing healthy life expectancy, as set by the National Demography Project. Variations in mortality are attributed not only to structural differences in the population (sex, age, etc.) but also to significant differences in regional living and working conditions, thus necessitating a more careful study of spatial factors of its growth.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To conduct a spatial analysis of mortality among the working-age population and to identify its determinants based on data for the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB).</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The information basis of the study is a balanced panel of mortality rates and their socioeconomic determinants for 74 areas (54 districts and 20 cities) and 19 time spans (2002–2020), formed for men and women separately. The Moran’s spatial autocorrelation coefficient and the spatial panel regression modeling were used for data analysis. The neighborhood matrix was used as a weight matrix of spatial connectivity of territories.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Our findings showed a pronounced spatial autocorrelation (p &lt; 0.001) for mortality of the working-age population of both sexes. An increase in the gross municipal product per capita significantly (p &lt; 0.001) reduced the overall mortality rate in both men and women of working age while an increase in the local crime rate, on the opposite, significantly increased it. Sex-specific differences were established in the impact of availability of medical resources on working-age mortality: for women this factor was found to be insignificant.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: The mortality of the working-age population has a non-local, but a spatially dependent nature. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>смертность трудоспособного населения</kwd><kwd>модели пространственного лага</kwd><kwd>панельная регрессия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mortality of the working-age population</kwd><kwd>spatial lag models</kwd><kwd>panel regression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Горчакова Т.Ю., Чуранова А.Н. Современное состояние смертности населения трудоспособного возраста в России и странах Европы // Медицина труда и промышленная экология. 2020. Т. 60. № 11. 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