<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-10-71-77</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1729</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности эпидемиологического анамнеза в группах повышенного риска распространения инфекций, передаваемых половым путем</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Specifics of Epidemiological Anamnesis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in High-Risk Groups</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4335-9334</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уфимцева</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ufimtseva</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, и.о. главного врача ГБУЗ СО СОКВД, заведующая кафедрой дерматовенерологии и безопасности жизнедеятельности ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет»Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p><p>ул. Розы Люксембург, д. 1, г. Екатеринбург, 620151</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Acting Chief Physician, Sverdlovsk Regional Dermatology and Venereology Dispensary; Head of the Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Life Safety, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p><p>1 Rosa Luxemburg Street, Yekaterinburg, 620151</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mail-m@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7535-5429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гурковская</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gurkovskaya</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии и безопасности жизнедеятельности ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), docent; Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Life Safety, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gurkovskaya-e@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9911-6158</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комаров</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры дерматовенерологии и безопасности жизнедеятельности ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Life Safety, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">komarov94-5@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0268-8887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Косова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kosova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, заведующая кафедрой эпидемиологии, социальной гигиены и организации госсанэпидслужбы ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), docent; Head of the Department Epidemiology, Public Health and Organization of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kosova_anna2003@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5879-2018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаева</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolayeva</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии и безопасности жизнедеятельности ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), docent; Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Life Safety, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kris-nikol@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-1453</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Струин</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Struin</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии и безопасности жизнедеятельности ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Life Safety, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">n_l_s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6298-7216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бочкарев</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bochkarev</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к.м.н., доцент, доцент кафедры дерматовенерологии и безопасности жизнедеятельности ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Med.), docent; Associate Professor, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Life Safety, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bochkarev.ju.m@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5789-4573</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Син</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант кафедры дерматовенерологии и безопасности жизнедеятельности ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Репина, д. 3, г. Екатеринбург, 620028</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>postgraduate student, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Life Safety, Ural State Medical University</p><p>3 Repin Street, Yekaterinburg, 620028</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artyomsin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России; ГБУЗ Свердловской области «Свердловский областной кожно-венерологический диспансер»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University; Sverdlovsk Regional Dermatology and Venereology Dispensary</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>10</issue><fpage>71</fpage><lpage>77</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Уфимцева М.А., Гурковская Е.П., Комаров А.А., Косова А.А., Николаева К.И., Струин Н.Л., Бочкарев Ю.М., Син А.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Уфимцева М.А., Гурковская Е.П., Комаров А.А., Косова А.А., Николаева К.И., Струин Н.Л., Бочкарев Ю.М., Син А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ufimtseva M.A., Gurkovskaya E.P., Komarov A.A., Kosova A.A., Nikolayeva K.I., Struin N.L., Bochkarev Y.M., Sin A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1729">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1729</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Инфекции, передаваемые половым путем, приводят к развитию воспалительных заболеваний органов малого таза у женщин, бесплодию, младенческой и материнской смертности, остаются одной из глобальных проблем мирового здравоохранения. Современные исследования ориентированы на обследование и лечение групп повышенного риска по распространению ИППП, в том числе мужчин, имеющих секс с мужчинами, среди которых отмечаются самые высокие показатели заболеваемости сифилисом, гонореей, хламидиозом и другими социально значимыми инфекциями.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: выявить эпидемиологические особенности заболеваемости инфекциями, передаваемыми половым путем, у мужчин, имеющих секс с мужчинами, как представителей группы повышенного риска по распро- странению ИППП.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследовании приняло участие 136 мужчин репродуктивного возраста (от 18 до 49 лет). В основную группу включено 79 мужчин, имеющих секс с мужчинами. Группу сравнения составили 57 гетеросексуальных мужчин. Проведено анкетное исследование методом «снежного кома». Для статистической обработки использованы критерий χ2 Пирсона, точный критерий Фишера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Медиана возраста в исследуемой группе составила 32 года. В исследуемой группе 25,3 % лиц заявили о бисексуальных связях. Достоверно чаще в группе мужчин, имеющих секс с мужчинами, встречались лица, отметившие более 10 половых партнеров за последний год (63,3 %) по сравнению с группой сравнения. Случайные половые связи в анамнезе указали 81,0 % мужчин исследуемой группы и 57,9 % респондента из группы сравнения. Достоверно чаще у каждого второго мужчины, имеющего гомосексуальные связи, в анамнезе была одна или несколько инфекций, передаваемых половым путем, в отличие от группы сравнения.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Мужчины, имеющие секс с мужчинами, являются классическими представителями группы повышенного риска по ИППП в силу большого количества половых партнеров и характерного для данной группы рискованного сексуального поведения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Sexually transmitted infections induce inflammatory diseases of the pelvic organs in women, infertility, infant and maternal mortality, and remain a global health challenge. Current studies are focused on examination and treatment of risk groups, including men who have sex with men, among whom the highest incidence rates of syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, and other socially significant infections are usually registered.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To establish epidemiological features of the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in men who have sex with men as representatives of a high-risk group.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods: Snowball sampling was used in our questionnaire-based survey that involved 136 men of reproductive age (18 to 49 years). The case study group included 79 men who have sex with men and the control group consisted of 57 heterosexual men. For statistical data analysis, we used Pearson’s chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion: The median age of the cases was 32 years and 25.3 % of them noted having bisexual relationships. Compared to the controls, the proportion of men who reported having more than 10 sexual partners over the previous year was statistically higher among the men having sex with other men (63.3 %). 81.0 % of the cases and 57.9 % of the controls reported having casual sexual relations. 50 % of the men who have sex with men had one or more sexually transmitted infections in the medical history, while this percentage was significantly lower in the controls.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Men who have sex with men are typical representatives of groups at risk of sexually transmitted diseases due to numerous sexual partners and inherent risky sexual behavior.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>передаваемые половым путем</kwd><kwd>сифилис</kwd><kwd>гонорея</kwd><kwd>мужчины</kwd><kwd>имеющие секс с мужчинами</kwd><kwd>группа повышенного риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>sexually transmitted infections</kwd><kwd>syphilis</kwd><kwd>gonorrhea</kwd><kwd>men having sex with men</kwd><kwd>risk groups</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Махова Т.И., Румянцева Т.А., Гущин А.Е., Акимкин В.Г. Ассоциация инфекций, передаваемых половым путем, и различных нарушений вагинальной микробиоты среди женщин репродуктивного возраста // Клиническая дерматология и венерология. 2020. Т. 19. № 2. С. 181–186. doi:10.17116/klinderma202019021181</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Makhova TI, Rumyantseva TA, Gushchin AE, Akimkin VG. Association of sexually transmitted infections and various disorders of the vaginal microbiota among women of reproductive age. Klinicheskaya Dermatologiya i Venerologiya. 2020;19(2):181-186. (In Russ.) doi: 10.17116/ klinderma202019021181</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MacGregor L, Speare N, Nicholls J, et al. Evidence of changing sexual behaviours and clinical attendance patterns, alongside increasing diagnoses of STIs in MSM and TPSM. Sex Transm Infect. 2021;97(7):507-513. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054588</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MacGregor L, Speare N, Nicholls J, et al. Evidence of changing sexual behaviours and clinical attendance patterns, alongside increasing diagnoses of STIs in MSM and TPSM. Sex Transm Infect. 2021;97(7):507-513. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054588</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kissinger PJ, Gaydos CA, Seña AC, et al. Diagnosis and management of Trichomonas vaginalis: Summary of evidence reviewed for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines. Clin Infect Dis. 2022;74(Suppl 2): S152-S161. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac030</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kissinger PJ, Gaydos CA, Seña AC, et al. Diagnosis and management of Trichomonas vaginalis: Summary of evidence reviewed for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines. Clin Infect Dis. 2022;74(Suppl 2): S152-S161. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac030</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Владимирова Е.В., Ковалык В.П., Мураков С.В., Владимиров А.А., Маркова Ю.А. Анализ распрос траненности инфекций, передаваемых половым путем, в России, по данным федеральной лабораторной сети // Клиническая практика. 2019. Т. 10. № 3. С. 35–41. doi: 10.17816/clinpract10335–41</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vladimirova EV, Kovalyk VP, Murakov SV, Vladimirov AA, Markova YuA. Analysis of the prevalence of STIs in Russia according to the federal laboratory network. Klinicheskaya Praktika. 2019;10(3):35–41. (In Russ.) doi: 10.17816/clinpract10335-41</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Струин Н.Л., Струина Н.Н., Уфимцева М.А., Андреев Ю.Ю., Гурковская Е.П. Применение форсайт-технологии для ограничения распространения инфекций, передаваемых половым путем, в популяции // Уральский медицинский журнал. 2022. Т. 21. № 3. С. 21–29. doi:10.52420/20715943-2022-21-3-21-29</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Struin NL, Struina NN, Ufimtseva MA, Andreev JuJu, Gurkovskaya EP. Using foresight technology to limit the spread of sexually transmitted infections in the population. Ural’skiy Meditsinskiy Zhurnal. 2022;21(3):21-29. (In Russ.) doi: 10.52420/2071-5943-2022-21-3-21-29</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванова М.А., Варавикова Е.А. Заболеваемость инфекциями, передаваемыми половым путем, и их профилактика в Российской Федерации и за рубежом // Современные проблемы здравоохранения и медицинской статистики. 2022. № 3. С. 459–477. doi: 10.24412/23122935-2022-3-459-477</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ivanova MA, Varavikova EA. Incidence of sexually transmitted infections and prevention of their spread in the Russian Federation and abroad. Sovremennye Problemy Zdravookhraneniya i Meditsinskoy Statistiki. 2022;(3):459477. (In Russ.) doi: 10.24412/2312-2935-2022-3-459-477</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баринова А.Н. Понятие о группах риска инфекций, передающихся половым путем, и ВИЧ-инфекции. Обзор литературы // Российский семейный врач. 2012. Т. 16. № 1. С. 33–40.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barinova AN. [The concept of groups at risk of sexually transmitted diseases and HIV. A review.] Rossiyskiy Semeynyy Vrach. 2012;16(1):33-39. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баринова А. Н. Обоснование концептуальной модели профилактики социально-значимых заболеваний, опасных для окружающих. Комплексная оценка эффективности профилактики в группах риска на примере ВИЧ-инфекции. СПб. ИОЗ: Санкт-Петербург, 2016. 220 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barinova AN. [Substantiation of the Conceptual Model of Prevention of Socially Significant Diseases Dangerous to Others. Comprehensive Assessment of Effectiveness of Prevention in Risk Groups on the Example of HIV Infection.] St. Petersburg: St. Petersburg Publ.; 2016. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brogan N, Paquette DM, Lachowsky NJ, et al. Canadian results from the European Men-who-have-sex-with-men Internet survey (EMIS–2017). Can Commun Dis Rep. 2019;45(11):271-282. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v45i11a01</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brogan N, Paquette DM, Lachowsky NJ, et al. Canadian results from the European Men-who-have-sex-with-men Internet survey (EMIS–2017). Can Commun Dis Rep. 2019;45(11):271-282. doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v45i11a01</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adedimeji A, Sinayobye JD, Asiimwe-Kateera B, et al. Social contexts as mediator of risk behaviors in Rwandan men who have sex with men (MSM): Implications for HIV and STI transmission. PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0211099. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211099</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adedimeji A, Sinayobye JD, Asiimwe-Kateera B, et al. Social contexts as mediator of risk behaviors in Rwandan men who have sex with men (MSM): Implications for HIV and STI transmission. PLoS One. 2019;14(1):e0211099. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211099</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Storm M, Deuba K, Damas J, et al. Prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and assessment of the social and structural determinants of sexual risk behaviour and health service utilisation among MSM and transgender women in Terai highway districts of Nepal: findings based on an integrated biological and behavioural surveillance survey using respondent driven sampling. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):402. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05122-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Storm M, Deuba K, Damas J, et al. Prevalence of HIV, syphilis, and assessment of the social and structural determinants of sexual risk behaviour and health service utilisation among MSM and transgender women in Terai highway districts of Nepal: findings based on an integrated biological and behavioural surveillance survey using respondent driven sampling. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):402. doi: 10.1186/s12879-02005122-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jansen K, Steffen G, Potthoff A, et al. STI in times of PrEP: High prevalence of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and mycoplasma at different anatomic sites in men who have sex with men in Germany. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-4831-4</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jansen K, Steffen G, Potthoff A, et al. STI in times of PrEP: High prevalence of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and mycoplasma at different anatomic sites in men who have sex with men in Germany. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20(1):110. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-4831-4</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Latimer RL, Vodstrcil L, Petra VD, et al. Extragenital Mycoplasma genitalium infections among men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2020;96(1):10-18. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2019-054058</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Latimer RL, Vodstrcil L, Petra VD, et al. Extragenital Mycoplasma genitalium infections among men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2020;96(1):10-18. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2019-054058</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ceccarani C, Marangoni A, Severgnini M, et al. Rectal microbiota associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in men having sex with other men. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019;9:358. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00358</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ceccarani C, Marangoni A, Severgnini M, et al. Rectal microbiota associated with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in men having sex with other men. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2019;9:358. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00358</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ayaz CM, Karakaplan ND, Inkaya AÇ, Çakir B, Ünal S, Zarakolu P. Investigation of the frequency of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium in men living with HIV in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and behavioral risk factors. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2023;57(3):378389. (In Turkish.) doi: 10.5578/mb.20239931</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ayaz CM, Karakaplan ND, Inkaya AÇ, Çakir B, Ünal S, Zarakolu P. Investigation of the frequency of Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium in men living with HIV in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and behavioral risk factors. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2023;57(3):378389. (In Turkish.) doi: 10.5578/mb.20239931</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bristow CC, da Silva CE, Vera AH, Gonzalez-Fagoaga JE, Rangel G, Pines HA. Prevalence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections and coinfection with HIV among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana, Mexico. Int J STD AIDS. 2021;32(8):751-757. doi: 10.1177/0956462420987757</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bristow CC, da Silva CE, Vera AH, Gonzalez-Fagoaga JE, Rangel G, Pines HA. Prevalence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections and coinfection with HIV among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Tijuana, Mexico. Int J STD AIDS. 2021;32(8):751-757. doi: 10.1177/0956462420987757</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nugent D, Stirrup O, Pett S, et al. Performance of human papillomavirus DNA detection in residual specimens taken for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae nucleic acid amplification testing in men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2021;97(7):541-546. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054702</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nugent D, Stirrup O, Pett S, et al. Performance of human papillomavirus DNA detection in residual specimens taken for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae nucleic acid amplification testing in men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2021;97(7):541-546. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054702</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tabesh M, Fairley CK, Hocking JS, et al. Comparison of the patterns of chlamydia and gonorrhoea at the oropharynx, anorectum and urethra among men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2022;98(1):11-16. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054632</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tabesh M, Fairley CK, Hocking JS, et al. Comparison of the patterns of chlamydia and gonorrhoea at the oropharynx, anorectum and urethra among men who have sex with men. Sex Transm Infect. 2022;98(1):11-16. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054632</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Compton WM, Jones CM. Substance use among men who have sex with men. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(4):352-356. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2033007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Compton WM, Jones CM. Substance use among men who have sex with men. N Engl J Med. 2021;385(4):352-356. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra2033007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loza O, Curiel ZV, Beltran O, Ramos R. Methamphetamine use and sexual risk behaviors among men who have sex with men in a Mexico–US Border City. Am J Addict. 2020;29(2):111-119. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12985</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loza O, Curiel ZV, Beltran O, Ramos R. Methamphetamine use and sexual risk behaviors among men who have sex with men in a Mexico–US Border City. Am J Addict. 2020;29(2):111-119. doi: 10.1111/ajad.12985</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Farfour E, Dimi S, Chassany O, et al. Trends in asymptomatic STI among HIV-positive MSM and lessons for systematic screening. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0250557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250557</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Farfour E, Dimi S, Chassany O, et al. Trends in asymptomatic STI among HIV-positive MSM and lessons for systematic screening. PLoS One. 2021;16(6):e0250557. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250557</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Уфимцева М.А., Ворошилина Е.С., Комаров А.А. и др. Клинико-эпидемиологические особенности инфекций, передаваемых половым путем среди уязвимых групп населения // Уральский медицинский журнал. 2022. Т. 21. № 4. С. 65–71. doi:10.52420/2071-5943-202221-4-65-71</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ufimtseva MA, Voroshilina ES, Komarov AA, et al. Clinical and epidemiological features of sexually transmitted infections among vulnerable populations. Ural’skiy Meditsinskiy Zhurnal. 2022;21(4):65-71. (In Russ.) doi: 10.52420/2071-5943-2022-21-4-65-71</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schafer KR, Tanner AE, Mann-Jackson L, Alonzo J, Song EY, Rhodes SD. Stigma, social support, and substance use in diverse men who have sex with men and transgender women living with HIV in the US Southeast. South Med J. 2022;115(1):26-32. doi: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001345</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schafer KR, Tanner AE, Mann-Jackson L, Alonzo J, Song EY, Rhodes SD. Stigma, social support, and substance use in diverse men who have sex with men and transgender women living with HIV in the US Southeast. South Med J. 2022;115(1):26-32. doi: 10.14423/SMJ.0000000000001345</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
