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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-32-7-34-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1684</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КОММУНАЛЬНАЯ ГИГИЕНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>COMMUNAL HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка развития метаболических нарушений при хроническом воздействии малых доз аминной соли 2,4-дихлорфеноксиуксусной кислоты в эксперименте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of the Development of Metabolic Disorders Following Chronic Low-Dose Exposure to the Amine Salt of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid in the Animal Experiment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9278-9456</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карманова</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmanova</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Карманова Дарья Сергеевна – к.м.н., доцент кафедры химии</p><p>ул. Советская, д. 6, г. Оренбург, 460014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria S. Karmanova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Lecturer, Department of Chemistry</p><p>6 Sovetskaya Street, Orenburg, 460014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_chemistry@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5546-0202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boeva</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боева Татьяна Валерьевна – аспирант кафедры общей гигиены</p><p>ул. Советская, д. 6, г. Оренбург, 460014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Boeva, Postgraduate, Department of General Hygiene</p><p>6 Sovetskaya Street, Orenburg, 460014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_chemistry@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4592-3848</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кряжев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryazhev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кряжев Дмитрий Александрович – к.м.н., доцент кафедры общей и коммунальной гигиены</p><p>ул. Советская, д. 6, г. Оренбург, 460014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitrii A. Kryazhev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of General Hygiene</p><p>6 Sovetskaya Street, Orenburg, 460014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kryazhev.87@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3684-1149</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боев Виктор Михайлович – д.м.н., профессор, заслуженный деятель науки РФ, заслуженный работник высшей школы РФ, заведующий кафедрой общей и коммунальной гигиены</p><p>ул. Советская, д. 6, г. Оренбург, 460014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor M. Boev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation, Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation; Head of the Department of General Hygiene</p><p>6 Sovetskaya Street, Orenburg, 460014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">k_com.gig@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3617-5908</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борщук</surname><given-names>Е. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borshchuk</surname><given-names>E. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борщук Евгений Леонидович – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой общественного здоровья и здравоохранения № 1</p><p>ул. Советская, д. 6, г. Оренбург, 460014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeni L. Borshchuk, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof.; Head of the Department of Public Health and Healthcare No. 1</p><p>6 Sovetskaya Street, Orenburg, 460014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">be@orgma.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО ОрГМУ Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Orenburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>32</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карманова Д.С., Боева Т.В., Кряжев Д.А., Боев В.М., Борщук Е.Л., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карманова Д.С., Боева Т.В., Кряжев Д.А., Боев В.М., Борщук Е.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Karmanova D.S., Boeva V.B., Kryazhev D.A., Boev V.M., Borshchuk E.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1684">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1684</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. 2,4-дихлорфеноксиуксусная кислота относится к числу наиболее распространенных загрязнителей окружающей среды из группы хлорорганических гербицидов. В работе изучено влияние малых доз 2,4-дихлорфеноксиуксусной кислоты на метаболические показатели, которые изучены в меньшей степени.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования. Оценка развития метаболических нарушений при хроническом воздействии малых доз аминной соли 2,4-дихлорфеноксиуксусной кислоты в эксперименте.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проведено на 36 самцах-крыс Wistar в течение 16 недель в весенне-летний период 2022 года (11.04–31.07), суточный цикл: день/ночь – 12/12. Критерии включения животных: здоровые, масса тела (170 ± 3) г, критерии исключения: масса животного более 173 и менее 167 г, признаки болезни. Животные были разделены на контрольную группу № 1 (18 животных), опытную группу № 2 (18 животных), которая употребляла питьевую воду с содержанием 0,5 ПДК 2,4-ДА (0,3–0,4 мкг/кг/день). На 14-й неделе у животных проведен тест на толерантность к глюкозе. Для оценки развития метаболических нарушений проведено определение в сыворотке крови следующих параметров: общий белок, альбумин, креатинин, мочевая кислота, активность аспарагиновой и аланиновой трансаминаз, щелочной фосфатазы, лактатдегидрогеназы, общий холестерин, холестерин липопротеинов высокой плотности, липопротеинов очень низкой и низкой плотности, триацилглицеринов. Анализ данных проведен в программе Statistica 10.0. Данные соответствовали нормальному распределению (критерий хи-квадрат) и представлены в виде средней (М) и стандартной ошибки среднего (m).</p><p>Результаты исследования показали снижение уровня общего белка и альбумина, умеренное повышение активности сывороточных ферментов – аланинаминотрансферазы, аспартатаминотрансферазы, щелочной фосфатазы и лактатдегидрогеназы. Одновременно с этим развивалась гиперхолестеринемия, триацилглицеридемия и дислипопротеинемия. Под влиянием малых доз 2,4-дихлорфеноксиуксусной кислоты у животных развивалась инсулинорезистентность, оцениваемая по глюкозотолерантному тесту. Основные параметры хемилюминесценции в сыворотке крови – спонтанная светимость, амплитуда быстрой вспышки и светосумма у животных опытной группы были в 2,4; 9,3 и 4,1 раза выше соответственно. В опытной группе наблюдалось снижение сывороточного железа на 20 % и повышение ферритина на 12 %.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Длительное поступление в организм 2,4-ДА в дозах 0,3–0,4 мкг/кг приводило к повышению маркеров метаболических нарушений, которые могут быть использованы для диагностики и оценки состояния метаболических процессов в организме.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-DA) is one of the most common environmental pollutants from the group of organochlorine herbicides. In our experiment, we focused on effects of low doses of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid on metabolic parameters, which have been studied to a lesser extent.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To assess the development of metabolic disorders following chronic low-dose exposure to the amine salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in an experiment.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 36 male Wistar rats for 16 weeks in the spring-summer period of 2022 (11.04–31.07) with the 12/12 hour day/night cycle. Only healthy animals with the body weight of 170 ± 3 g were included in the experiment and divided into the control and exposure groups (Groups 1 and 2, respectively) of 18 animals each. The latter were exposed to 0.5 MAC of 2,4-DA administered with drinking water (0.3–0.4 μg/kg/day). At week 14, the animals underwent a glucose tolerance test. To assess the development of metabolic disorders, the following parameters were measured in blood serum: total protein, albumin, creatinine, uric acid, activity of aspartate and alanine transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triacylglycerols. Statistica 10.0 was used for the analysis. The data were normally distributed (chi-squared test) and are presented as mean (M) and standard error of the mean (m).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: We observed a decrease in the levels of total protein and albumin and a moderate increase in the activity of serum enzymes (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase) accompanied by the development of hypercholesterolemia, triacylglyceridemia, and dyslipoproteinemia. Results of the glucose tolerance test showed that low doses of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid induced insulin resistance in the exposed animals. The main parameters of chemiluminescence in their blood serum, such as spontaneous luminescence, fast flash amplitude, and light sum, were 2.4, 9.3, and 4.1 times higher than in the controls, respectively. We also established a decrease in the level of serum iron by 20 % and an increase in that of ferritin by 12 % compared to the control rats.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: Long-term low-dose exposure to 2,4-DA induced an increase in the level of markers of metabolic disorders, which can be used to diagnose and assess the state of metabolic processes in the body.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>дислипопротеинемия</kwd><kwd>инсулинорезистентность</kwd><kwd>ферментемия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>dyslipoproteinemia</kwd><kwd>insulin resistance</kwd><kwd>fermentemia</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО ОрГМУ Минздрава России</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жолдакова З.И., Синицына О.О., Мамонов Р.А., Лебедь-Шарлевич Я.И., Печникова И.А. 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