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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-9-24-30</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1604</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ТРУДА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка острой токсичности наночастиц оксида свинца на крысах при ингаляционной экспозиции</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Acute Toxicity Induced by Inhalation Exposure to Lead Oxide Nanoparticles in Rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1743-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сутункова</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sutunkova</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сутункова Марина Петровна – д.м.н., директор</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina P. Sutunkova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Director</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sutunkova@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0097-7845</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Минигалиева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Minigalieva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минигалиева Ильзира Амировна – д.б.н., заведующий отделом токсикологии и биопрофилактики</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilzira A. Minigalieva, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilzira-minigalieva@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0927-4062</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клинова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klinova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клинова Светлана Владиславовна – к.б.н., научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией промышленной токсикологии отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Klinova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">klinova.svetlana@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-0479</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рябова Юлия Владимировна – научный сотрудник, заведующий лабораторией научных основ биологической профилактики отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya V. Ryabova, Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Scientific Fundamentals of Biological Prophylaxis, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ryabovaiuvl@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9384-8550</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тажигулова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tazhigulova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тажигулова Анастасия Валерьевна – младший научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Tazhigulova, Junior Researcher, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tazhigulovaav@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8284-0008</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шабардина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shabardina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шабардина Лада Владимировна – младший научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lada V. Shabardina, Junior Researcher, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shabardinalv@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4694-0175</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Батенева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bateneva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Батенева Влада Андреевна – лаборант отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vlada A. Bateneva, Laboratory Assistant, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bateneva@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8795-8777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеломенцев</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shelomentsev</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шеломенцев Иван Глебович – научный сотрудник отдела молекулярной биологии и электронной микроскопии</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan G. Shelomentsev, Researcher, Department of Molecular Biology and Electron Microscopy</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shelomencev@ymrc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1442-6737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Привалова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Privalova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Привалова Лариса Ивановна – д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник отдела токсикологии и биопрофилактики</p><p>ул. Попова, д. 30, г. Екатеринбург, 620014</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa I. Privalova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Chief Researcher, Department of Toxicology and Bioprophylaxis</p><p>30 Popov Street, Yekaterinburg, 620014</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">privalovali@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Екатеринбургский медицинский-научный центр профилактики и охраны здоровья рабочих промпредприятий» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>9</issue><fpage>24</fpage><lpage>30</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сутункова М.П., Минигалиева И.А., Клинова С.В., Рябова Ю.В., Тажигулова А.В., Шабардина Л.В., Батенева В.А., Шеломенцев И.Г., Привалова Л.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сутункова М.П., Минигалиева И.А., Клинова С.В., Рябова Ю.В., Тажигулова А.В., Шабардина Л.В., Батенева В.А., Шеломенцев И.Г., Привалова Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sutunkova M.P., Minigalieva I.A., Klinova S.V., Ryabova Y.V., Tazhigulova A.V., Shabardina L.V., Bateneva V.A., Shelomentsev I.G., Privalova L.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1604">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1604</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Наночастицы оксида свинца образуются в ходе высокотемпературных процессов на металлургических предприятиях и выделяются в атмосферный воздух, что обуславливает высокую вероятность их попадания в организм через дыхательные пути. Несмотря на широко изученное токсическое действие свинца и его наноразмерных соединений на нервную, кроветворную, почечную и репродуктивную системы, данные об особенностях острого ингаляционного воздействия его наночастиц по-прежнему ограничены.Цель исследования: изучение острой токсичности наночастиц оксида свинца при ингаляционном поступлении в условиях эксперимента на крысах.Материал и методы. Эксперимент проводился на аутбредных крысах-самках массой 247,9 ± 10,5 г, разделенных на две группы по 10 животных в каждой. Первая группа была контрольной, вторая подвергалась воздействию НЧ PbO (II) размером 18,2 ± 4,2 нм в концентрации 0,215 мг/м3 в течение 4 часов. На следующий день после ингаляционного воздействия у крыс проводился забор крови из хвостовой вены для оценки гематологических показателей и бронхоальвеолярной лаважной жидкости для оценки цитологических и биохимических показателей.Результаты. После ингаляционного воздействия наночастиц оксида свинца в крови наблюдали увеличение количества гранулоцитов и компенсаторное усиление эритропоэза, которое проявилось в виде значительного увеличения доли ретикулоцитов. В жидкости бронхоальвеолярного лаважа наблюдалась выраженная клеточная реакция глубоких дыхательных путей, сопровождающаяся увеличением как числа нейтрофильных лейкоцитов, так и соотношения числа нейтрофильных лейкоцитов к альвеолярным макрофагам, что является показателем их цитотоксического действия.Заключение. Ингаляционное воздействие наночастиц оксида свинца в указанной дозе вызывает проявления как общетоксического, так и цитотоксического действия. Вышеизложенное обосновывает необходимость дальнейших исследований, нацеленных на определение недействующей концентрации для наночастиц оксида свинца.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction: Lead oxide nanoparticles are generated during high-temperature processes at metallurgical plants and emitted in the atmosphere, thus posing high risks of human inhalation exposures. Despite a well-known toxic effect of lead and its nano-sized compounds on the nervous, hematopoietic, urinary, and reproductive systems, data on specific features of an acute inhalation exposure to its nanoparticles are still scarce.Objective: To conduct an experimental study of acute toxicity induced by inhalation exposure to lead oxide nanoparticles in rats.Materials and methods: The experiment was carried out on outbred female rats with the body weight of 247.9 ± 10.5 g divided into two (exposure and control) groups of 10 animals each. A single inhalation exposure to lead oxide nanoparticles (PbO NPs) at the concentration of 0.215 mg/m3 lasted four hours. The nanoparticle shape was spherical with a mean diameter of 18.2 ± 4.2 nm. Blood was taken from the tail vein of the rats to assess its hematologic parameters while the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained to establish its cytological and biochemical characteristics 24 hours after the exposure.Results: After the single inhalation exposure to PbO NPs, the results of the complete blood count showed an increased granulocyte count and a compensatory increase in erythropoiesis manifested by a significant growth of the reticulocyte percentage. The BALF analysis demonstrated that the exposure induced a pronounced cellular reaction in the lower airways accompanied by an increase in the neutrophil count and the neutrophil to alveolar macrophage ratio, which is an indicator of the cytotoxic effect of PbO NPs.Conclusion: Inhalation exposure to PbO NPs at the experimental dose causes both general toxic and cytotoxic effects. The foregoing justifies the necessity of further studies aimed at establishing a no-effect concentration for lead oxide nanoparticles.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>наночастицы</kwd><kwd>оксид свинца</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd><kwd>ингаляционная экспозиция</kwd><kwd>эксперимент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nanoparticles</kwd><kwd>lead oxide</kwd><kwd>toxicity</kwd><kwd>inhalation exposure</kwd><kwd>experiment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar A, Kumar A, Cabral-Pinto MMS, et al. Lead toxicity: Health hazards, influence on food chain, and sustainable remediation approaches. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(7):2179. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17072179</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar A, Kumar A, Cabral-Pinto MMS, et al. 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