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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-6-63-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1558</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EPIDEMIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Инфекционный мононуклеоз: эпидемиологические последствия диагностических ошибок</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Infectious Mononucleosis: Epidemiological Consequences of Diagnostic Errors</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2706-6689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тутельян</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tutelyan</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тутельян Алексей Викторович – д.м.н., член-корр. РАН, заведующий лабораторией инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии Института профессионального образования</p><p>Новогиреевская ул., д. 3а, г. Москва, 111123;</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 1, г. Москва, 119048</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Tutelyan, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Head of the Laboratory of Healthcare-Associated Infections; Professor, Department of Epidemiology</p><p>3A Novogireyevskaya Street, Moscow, 111123;</p><p>Bldg 1, 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119048</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bio-tav@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7040-7653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соломай</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solomay</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соломай Татьяна Валерьевна – к.м.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи; старший научный сотрудник лаборатории эпидемиологического анализа и мониторинга инфекционных заболеваний</p><p>Новогиреевская ул., д. 3а, г. Москва, 111123;</p><p>пер. Малый Казённый, д. 5а, г. Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana V. Solomay, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Healthcare-Associated Infections; Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Epidemiological Analysis and Monitoring of InfectiousDiseases</p><p>3A Novogireyevskaya Street, Moscow, 111123;</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Lane, Moscow, 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">solomay@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0616-9777</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузин</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuzin</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузин Станислав Николаевич – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий лабораторией вирусных гепатитов</p><p>Новогиреевская ул., д. 3а, г. Москва, 111123</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav N. Kuzin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor; Head of the Laboratory of Viral Hepatitis</p><p>3A Novogireyevskaya Street, Moscow, 111123</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">drkuzin@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9378-6414</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каира</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaira</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каира Алла Николаевна – д.м.н., заведующая лабораторией эпидемиологического анализа и мониторинга за инфекционными заболеваниями; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии</p><p>пер. Малый Казённый, д. 5а, г. Москва, 105064;</p><p>ул. Баррикадная, д. 2/1, стр. 1, г. Москва, 125993</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alla N. Kaira, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Epidemiological Analysis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases; Professor, Department of Epidemiology</p><p>5A Maly Kazenny Lane, Moscow, 105064;</p><p>Bldg 1, 2/1 Barrikadnaya Street, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">allakaira@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6686-9011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семененко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семененко Татьяна Анатольевна – д.м.н., профессор, профессор кафедры инфектологии и вирусологии Института профессионального образования; руководитель отдела эпидемиологии</p><p>ул. Трубецкая, д. 8, стр. 1, г. Москва, 119048;</p><p>ул. Гамалеи, д. 18, г. Москва, 123098</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Semenenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor; Professor, Department of Infectiology and Virology; Head of the Department of Epidemiology</p><p>Bldg 1, 8 Trubetskaya Street, Moscow, 119048;</p><p>18 Gamaleya Street, Moscow, 123098</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">semenenko@gamaleya.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора; ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology; I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И. И. Мечникова» Минобрнауки России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology; I. I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И. И. Мечникова» Минобрнауки России; ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»&#13;
Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Serums; Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И. М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет); ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии имени почетного академика Н. Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; N. F. Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тутельян А.В., Соломай Т.В., Кузин С.Н., Каира А.Н., Семененко Т.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тутельян А.В., Соломай Т.В., Кузин С.Н., Каира А.Н., Семененко Т.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tutelyan A.V., Solomay T.V., Kuzin S.N., Kaira A.N., Semenenko T.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1558">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1558</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Инфекционный мононуклеоз – заболевание вирусной природы, клиническая картина которого включает в себя наличие лихорадки, тонзиллита, лимфаденопатии, гепато- и cпленомегалии. Весомая доля случаев инфекционного мононуклеоза по разным причинам остается нераспознанной. Наличие скрытых источников инфекции не позволяет в полной мере оценить эпидемическую обстановку и создает предпосылки к распространению возбудителей, в том числе внутри организованных коллективов детей и взрослых.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: охарактеризовать причины ошибок при постановке диагноза «инфекционный мононуклеоз» и их эпидемиологические последствия на примере медицинских организаций неинфекционного профиля.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследованы научные публикации, индексированные в международных (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed) и в отечественной (РИНЦ) базах данных за 2012–2022 годы. Отбор литературных источников осуществлялся по ключевым словам и словосочетаниям: инфекционный мононуклеоз, диагностика инфекционного мононуклеоза, ошибки при постановке диагноза инфекционный мононуклеоз. В работе использовались 60 источников информации, при отборе которых преимущество отдавалось результатам исследований в России, представленным в журналах, входящих в ядро РИНЦ, а при отборе зарубежных публикаций – журналам, индексируемым в Web of Science и Scopus. Однако ограниченное число исследований, посвященных эпидемиологии ВЭБ-инфекции, как в нашей стране, так и за рубежом, не позволило полностью отобрать работы, входящие исключительно в ядро РИНЦ или Q1-Q2.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Основной причиной ошибок при постановке диагноза инфекционный мононуклеоз является многообразие клинических проявлений, обусловленных различными этиологическими агентами, вызвавшими заболевание, возрастом и иммунологическим статусом пациента. К диагностическим ошибкам приводит низкая осведомленность медицинского персонала по вопросам клиники и лабораторной диагностики инфекционного мононуклеоза. Некорректная оценка эпидемической ситуации, наличие среди населения не выявленных и не учтенных источников инфекции наряду с многообразием клинических проявлений болезни, может стать причиной заноса возбудителей в медицинские организации неинфекционного профиля. Установлена возможность этиологических агентов инфекционного мононуклеоза использовать практически все известные механизмы передачи, из которых в медицинских организациях реализуются преимущественно аэрозольный и артифициальный. Отсутствие профилактических мероприятий, направленных на источник инфекции и восприимчивых лиц определяет меры, направленные на прерывание механизмов передачи, единственным возможным способом борьбы с распространением возбудителей инфекционного мононуклеоза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявленные ошибки при постановке диагноза «инфекционный мононуклеоз» могут стать причинами серьезных эпидемиологических последствий, включая внутрибольничное распространение возбудителей.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Infectious mononucleosis is a viral disease, the clinical picture of which includes fever, tonsillitis, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, and splenomegaly. A significant proportion of cases of infectious mononucleosis remains unrecognized for various reasons. The presence of hidden sources of infection prevents adequate evaluation of the epidemic situation and promotes the spread of pathogens, including within organized groups of children and adults. Objective: To characterize the causes of errors in diagnosing infectious mononucleosis and their epidemiological consequences on the example of non-infectious disease hospitals.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: We reviewed 60 scientific publications indexed in international (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed) and domestic (RSCI) databases in 2012–2022 and selected using the following keywords and phrases: infectious mononucleosis, diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis, and errors in the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis. The limited number of studies devoted to epidemiology of Epstein-Barr virus infection, both in Russia and abroad, did not allow us to select only those papers that were included in the RSCI core collection or published in Q1–Q2 journals.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: The main cause of errors in diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis is a great variety of clinical manifestations related to various etiological agents, as well as age and immunological status of the patient. Poor awareness of the clinical picture and laboratory diagnostics of infectious mononucleosis among healthcare professionals can be yet another reason. Wrong assessment of the epidemic situation, unidentified and unaccounted-for sources of infection among the population, introduction and spread of pathogens in noninfectious disease clinics. We have established the possibility of etiological agents of infectious mononucleosis to use almost all known mechanisms of transmission, of which airborne and artificial ones are the most prevalent in hospitals. The absence of preventive measures aimed at the source of infection and susceptible individuals determines actions that can interrupt mechanisms of transmission as the only realistic way of combatting the spread of pathogens of infectious mononucleosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Misdiagnosis of infectious mononucleosis can cause serious epidemiological consequences, including the nosocomial spread of pathogens.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекционный мононуклеоз</kwd><kwd>ошибки диагностики</kwd><kwd>механизм передачи</kwd><kwd>инфекции</kwd><kwd>связанные с оказанием медицинской помощи</kwd><kwd>клинические проявления</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>infectious mononucleosis</kwd><kwd>diagnostic errors</kwd><kwd>mechanism of transmission</kwd><kwd>healthcare-associated infections</kwd><kwd>clinical manifestations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wreghitt TG, Teare EL, Sule O, Devi R, Rice P. 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