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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-3-43-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1366</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRIC HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Половозрастные особенности биомаркеров экспозиции и негативных эффектов у детей с заболеваниями органов дыхания и коморбидных им состояний, ассоциированных с аэрогенной комбинированной экспозицией химическими факторами</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Age- and Sex-Specific Features of Biomarkers of Exposure and Adverse Health Effects in Children with Respiratory Diseases and Comorbidities Associated with a Combined Exposure to Airborne Chemicals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8013-9613</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Землянова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zemlyanova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Землянова Марина Александровна, д.м.н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник, заведующая отделом биохимических и цитогенетических методов диагностики</p><p>ул. Монастырская, д. 82, г. Пермь, 614045</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Zemlyanova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Biochemical and Cytogenetic Diagnostic Methods</p><p>82 Monastyrskaya Street, Perm, 614045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zem@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3924-4526</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кольдибекова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koldibekova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кольдибекова Юлия Вячеславовна, к.б.н., старший научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией исследования метаболизма и фармакокинетики отдела биохимических и цитогенетических методов диагностики</p><p>ул. Монастырская, д. 82, г. Пермь, 614045</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Koldibekova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Head of the Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemical and Cytogenetic Diagnostic Methods</p><p>82 Monastyrskaya Street, Perm, 614045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">koldibekova@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6450-4599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горяев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Goryaev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Горяев Дмитрий Владимирович, к.м.н., руководитель</p><p>ул. Каратанова, д. 21, г. Красноярск, 660049</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Goryaev, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Headi, Chief State Sanitary Doctor for the Krasnoyarsk Krai</p><p>21 Karatanov Street, Krasnoyarsk, 660049</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">goryaev_dv@24.rospotrebnadzor.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8050-7674</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пустовалова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pustovalova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пустовалова Ольга Васильевна, старший научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией биохимической и наносенсорной диагностики отдела биохимических и цитогенетических методов диагностики</p><p>ул. Монастырская, д. 82, г. Пермь, 614045</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Pustovalova, Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Biochemical and Nanosensor Diagnostics, Department of Biochemical and Cytogenetic Diagnostic Methods</p><p>82 Monastyrskaya Street, Perm, 614045</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pustivalova@fcrisk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Федеральный научный центр медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Управление Роспотребнадзора по Красноярскому краю</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Office of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing for the Krasnoyarsk Krai</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>43</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Землянова М.А., Кольдибекова Ю.В., Горяев Д.В., Пустовалова О.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Землянова М.А., Кольдибекова Ю.В., Горяев Д.В., Пустовалова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zemlyanova M.A., Koldibekova Y.V., Goryaev D.V., Pustovalova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1366">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1366</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. В настоящее время высокоактуальным при оценке нарушений состояния здоровья населения, связанных с воздействием химических факторов риска, является применение системы биомаркеров экспозиции и эффекта. Изучение биомаркеров у чувствительных контингентов с учетом половозрастных особенностей при конкретных видах функциональных нарушений и заболеваний, ассоциированных с аэрогенной химической экспозицией, позволяет повысить эффективность научно-методического обеспечения деятельности органов и организаций Роспотребнадзора при установлении причин и выявлении условий возникновения и распространения риск-ассоциированных неинфекционных заболеваний.Цель: установление биомаркеров экспозиции и негативных эффектов с учетом пола и возраста у детей с заболеваниями органов дыхания и коморбидных им состояний в условиях аэрогенной комбинированной экспозиции химическими факторами.Материалы и методы. Объектом исследований являлись система биомаркеров экспозиции (6 веществ) и негативных эффектов (8 показателей), обоснованная в ранее проведенных ФБУН «ФНЦ медико-профилактических технологий управления рисками здоровью населения» медико-биологических исследованиях (в 2021–2022 гг.) по изучению негативного комбинированного аэрогенного воздействия химических веществ на здоровье детей 4–7 лет из зоны экспозиции, сформированной деятельностью хозяйствующих субъектов металлургического профиля; классифицирующие критерии – пол, возраст, органы и системы-мишени, негативные эффекты.Результаты. Дана детальная характеристика особенностей изменения биомаркеров экспозиции и негативных эффектов у детей с учетом пола и возраста. Обоснованы наиболее информативные возрастные периоды для исследования уровней маркеров экспозиции и эффектов у детей с заболеваниями органов дыхания и коморбидных им состояний, в том числе у мальчиков преимущественно в возрасте 4–5 лет, у девочек – в возрасте 6–7 лет. Установлены общие закономерности изменений уровней биомаркеров в ответ на хроническое аэрогенное воздействие химических факторов (повышение содержания химических веществ в биосредах, превышающих референтные значения; нарастание спектра, выраженности и распространенности изменений относительно физиологической нормы биохимических показателей; нарастание спектра самих негативных эффектов).Выводы. Полученные результаты исследования могут служить критериальной основой выбора приоритетов для объективизации и повышения точности гигиенических оценок, повышения эффективности предиктивных технологий диагностики, прогнозирования и профилактики рисков здоровью чувствительных к химическому аэрогенному воздействию субпопуляций.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction: Nowadays, the use of a system of exposure and effect biomarkers is highly relevant in assessing public health disorders associated with chemical exposure. The study of age and sex-specific biomarkers in risk-sensitive populations with certain types of functional disorders and diseases related to airborne chemical exposures helps improve the effectiveness of scientific and methodological support for activities of the bodies and organizations of the Russian Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) in establishing causes and identifying circumstances for the occurrence and spread of non-communicable diseases related to chemical pollution of the environment.Objective: To establish and age- and sex-specific biomarkers of exposure and its adverse health effects in children with respiratory diseases and comorbid conditions exposed to a combination of airborne chemicals.Materials and methods: The object of the research was the system of biomarkers of exposure to six substances and negative effects (eight indicators), substantiated in biomedical studies conducted by the Federal Scientific Center for Medical and Preventive Health Risk Management Technologies in 2021–2022 to establish adverse health effects of a combined exposure to multiple airborne chemicals emitted by metallurgical plants in children aged 4–7 years; the classifying criteria included sex, age, target organs and systems, and adverse effects.Results: The article gives a detailed description of age- and sex-dependent changes in biomarkers of exposure and adverse health effects in children. It also provides substantiation that the best (most informative) age for studying the levels of markers of exposure and effect in children with respiratory diseases and associated comorbidities is 4–5 years for boys and 6–7 years for girls. General patterns of changes in the levels of biomarkers in response to chronic exposure to airborne chemicals include an increase in the level of chemicals in biological fluids above the reference values, a growth of the spectrum, severity, and prevalence of changes relative to the physiological norm of biochemical parameters, and expansion of the spectrum of adverse health effects.Conclusions: Our findings can serve as a criteria basis for priority setting in order to objectify and improve the accuracy of hygienic assessments, increase the efficiency of predictive techniques of diagnosis, predict and prevent health risks in the populations sensitive to airborne industrial chemicals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биомаркеры экспозиции</kwd><kwd>биомаркеры негативных эффектов</kwd><kwd>органы дыхания</kwd><kwd>органы пищеварения</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>половозрастные особенности</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>exposure biomarkers</kwd><kwd>biomarkers of adverse effects</kwd><kwd>respiratory organs</kwd><kwd>digestive organs</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>age and sex-specific features</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Биомониторинг человека: факты и цифры. 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