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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2023-31-8-38-47</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1356</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRIC HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гигиеническая оценка приверженности здоровому образу жизни учащихся сельских образовательных организаций до и после профилактического вмешательства</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Commitment to a healthy lifestyle among rural schoolchildren before and after preventive intervention</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2699-8692</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Евгений Валериевич – ассистент кафедры физиологии человека</p><p>ул. Красная, д. 40, г. Пенза, 440026</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeny V. Vasilev, Assistant, Department of Human Physiology</p><p>40 Krasnaya Street, Penza, 440026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vostok.2023@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2073-2538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шулаев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shulayev</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шулаев Алексей Владимирович – д.м.н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой общей гигиены с курсом радиационной гигиены</p><p>ул. Бутлерова, д. 49Б, г. Казань, 420012</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Shulayev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Hygiene with a Course of Radiation Hygiene</p><p>9B Butlerov Street, Kazan, 420012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shulaev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7045-2489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васильев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasilyev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васильев Валерий Валентинович – д.м.н., профессор кафедры гигиены, общественного здоровья и здравоохранения ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный университет»; профессор кафедры организации здравоохранения и общественного здоровья Пензенского института усовершенствования врачей – филиала ФГБОУ ДПО «РМАНПО» Минздрава России</p><p>ул. Красная, д. 40, г. Пенза, 440026</p><p>ул. Стасова, д. 8А, г. Пенза, 440060</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery V. Vasilyev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Department of Hygiene, Public Health and Healthcare, Penza State University; Department of Healthcare Organization and Public Health, Penza Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education – Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education of the Russian Ministry of Health</p><p>40 Krasnaya Street, Penza, 440026</p><p>8A Stasov Street, Penza, 440060</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vvv1755@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7407-9493</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Перекусихин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perekusihin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Перекусихин Михаил Владимирович – к.м.н., доцент кафедры гигиены, общественного здоровья и здравоохранения ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный университет»; руководитель управления Роспотребнадзора по Пензенской области</p><p>ул. Красная, д. 40, г. Пенза, 440026</p><p>ул. Лермонтова, д. 36, г. Пенза, 440026</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mihail V. Perekusihin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Assoc. Prof., Department of Healthcare Organization and Public Health, Penza State University; Chief, Office of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) in the Penza Region</p><p>40 Krasnaya Street, Penza, 440026</p><p>36 Lermontov Street, Penza, 440026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sanepid@sura.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza StateUniversity</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный университет»; Пензенский институт усовершенствования врачей – филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «РМАНПО» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University; Penza Institute for Postgraduate Medical Education – Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пензенский государственный университет»; Управление Роспотребнадзора по Пензенской области</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Penza State University; ffice of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing (Rospotrebnadzor) in the Penza Region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Васильев Е.В., Шулаев А.В., Васильев В.В., Перекусихин М.В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Васильев Е.В., Шулаев А.В., Васильев В.В., Перекусихин М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vasilev E.V., Shulayev A.V., Vasilyev V.V., Perekusihin M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1356">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1356</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В школьном возрасте зарождаются поведенческие модели образа жизни, определяющие состояние здоровья во взрослой жизни. Школы считаются лучшей средой для формирования приверженности здоровому образу жизни.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель исследования</title><p>Цель исследования: проведение оценки приверженности здоровому образу жизни сельских учащихся до и после осуществления профилактических мероприятий по гигиеническому воспитанию.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено дважды анкетирование учащихся 6 школ Бековского района Пензенской области с использованием международного опросника HEALTH BEHAVIOR IN SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN. Анонимно в 2015 г. опрошено 617, в 2022 г. – 596 учащихся 5–11-го классов (11–17 лет). Разработан метод интегральной оценки приверженности детей и подростков здоровому образу жизни, основанный на совокупном соблюдении школьниками шести компонентов здорового образа жизни. Выделены 4 варианта приверженности здоровому образу жизни. Показатель приверженности определен как доля лиц, соблюдающих конкретное количество компонентов здорового образа жизни, от общего числа опрошенных респондентов и выражен в процентах.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. До начала профилактического вмешательства в 2009 году среди учащихся 5–8-го классов курили или пробовали курить 12,7 % мальчиков и 7,2 % девочек, среди учащихся 9–11-го классов – соответственно 28,1 и 16,4 %. На первом этапе вмешательства (2008–2015 гг.) было достигнуто значительное сокращение числа курящих школьников. После внедрения в 2015 г. в школах района второго этапа вмешательства в гигиеническое воспитание среди 11–14-летних школьников повысилось число ежедневно употребляющих фрукты (ОШ: 1,45; 95 % ДИ: 1,06–1,99), снизилось число курящих (ОШ: 0,22; 95 % ДИ: 0,07–0,66), употребляющих спиртные напитки (ОШ: 0,25; 95 % ДИ: 0,08–0,76). Среди школьников 15–17 лет повысилось число ежедневно употребляющих фрукты (ОШ: 0,049; 95 % ДИ: 1,49–1,06), овощи (ОШ: 1,78; 95 % ДИ: 1,16–2,73), имеющих достаточную физическую активность (ОШ: 1,9; 95 % ДИ: 1,26–2,87), некурящих (ОШ: 0,45; 95 % ДИ: 0,21–0,96), не употребляющих алкоголь (ОШ: 0,29; 95 % ДИ: 0,11–0,8). Показатель приверженности здоровому образу жизни среди учащихся 5–8-го классов увеличился с 1,54 (95 % ДИ: 0,8; 2,28) в 2015 г. до 3,98 % (95 % ДИ: 2,76; 5,2) (P &lt; 0,05) в 2022 г., среди учащихся 9–11-го классов – соответственно с 1,76 (95 % ДИ: 1,21; 2,31) до 1,83 (95 % ДИ: 1,21; 2,45).</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Двухэтапное профилактическое вмешательство в гигиеническое воспитание в школах сельского района без привлечения дополнительных финансовых затрат способствовало повышению среди учащихся 5–8-го классов приверженности здоровому образу жизни.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Behavioral models of a healthy lifestyle emerge at school age and determine the health status in adulthood. Schools are considered the best environment for building commitment to a healthy lifestyle.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To assess adherence to a healthy lifestyle in rural schoolchildren before and after preventive intervention.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: Students attending six schools in the Bekovsky district of the Penza Region were anonymously surveyed twice using the international Health Behavior in School-aged Children questionnaire. In the years 2015 and 2022, 617 and 596 fifth to eleventh graders aged 11 to 17 were interviewed, respectively. We have developed a method for integral assessment of the commitment of children and adolescents to a healthy lifestyle, based on the cumulative adherence of schoolchildren to its six components with four options of adherence distinguished. The adherence index is defined as the proportion of people committed to a specific number of healthy lifestyle components out of the total number of respondents and is expressed as a percentage.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Prior to preventive intervention in health education started in 2009, 12.7 % of boys and 7.2 % of girls in grades 5 to 8 and 28.1 % of male and 16.4 % of female ninth to eleventh graders smoked or tried to smoke. During the first phase of the intervention (2008–2015), a significant reduction in the number of smoking schoolchildren was achieved. As a result of the second stage of intervention launched in the district schools in 2015, we observed an increase in the number of daily fruit eaters (OR: 1.45; 95 % CI: 1.06–1.99) and a decrease in the number of smokers (OR: 0.22; 95 % CI: 0.07–0.66) and alcohol drinkers (OR: 0.25; 95 % CI: 0.08–0.76) among 11–14-year-old schoolchildren. Among schoolchildren aged 15–17, we detected an increase in the number of those eating fruit (OR: 0.049; 95 % CI: 1.49–1.06) and vegetables (OR: 1.78; 95 % CI: 1.16–2.73) on a daily basis, having sufficient physical activity (OR: 1.9; 95 % CI: 1.26–2.87), neither smoking (OR: 0.45; 95 % CI: 0.21–0.96) nor drinking alcohol (OR: 0.29, 95 % CI: 0.11–0.8). The index of adherence to healthy lifestyle among students in grades 5–8 increased from 1.54 (95 % CI: 0.8; 2.28) in 2015 to 3.98 % (95 % CI: 2.76; 5.2) (p &lt; 0.05) in 2022, and from 1.76 (95 % CI: 1.21; 2.31) to 1.83 (95 % CI: 1.21; 2.45) among the ninth to eleventh graders.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions: A two-stage preventive intervention in health education in rural schools realized without additional expenditures contributed to raising commitment to a healthy lifestyle among students in grades 5–8.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>учащиеся школ</kwd><kwd>оценка приверженности здоровому образу жизни</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>schoolchildren</kwd><kwd>healthy lifestyle</kwd><kwd>commitment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кучма В.Р., Соколова С.Б., Рапопорт И.К., Чубаровский В.В. 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