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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sredob</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Здоровье населения и среда обитания – ЗНиСО</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Public Health and Life Environment – PH&amp;LE</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2219-5238</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2619-0788</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФБУЗ ФЦГиЭ Роспотребнадзора</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35627/2219-5238/2022-30-8-57-63</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sredob-1135</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГИГИЕНА ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRIC HYGIENE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Показатели местного и системного иммунитета подростков при сочетанном воздействии загрязнения воздушной среды и сигаретного дыма</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Indicators of Local and Systemic Immunity of Adolescents under Combined Exposure to Air Pollution and Cigarette Smoke</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1400-6345</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маснавиева</surname><given-names>Л. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Masnavieva</surname><given-names>L. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.б.н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммуно-биохимических, молекулярно-генетических исследований в гигиене,</p><p>12а микрорайон, д. 3, г. Ангарск, Иркутская область, 665827</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Immunological, Biochemical, Molecular and Genetic Researchin Hygiene,</p><p>3, 12a Microraion, Angarsk, Irkutsk Region, 665827</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">masnavieva_luda@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7218-2147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimova</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д.м.н., профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории эколого-гигиенических исследований,</p><p>12а микрорайон, д. 3, г. Ангарск, Иркутская область, 665827</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. Sci. (Med.), Prof., Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Ecological and Hygienic Research,</p><p>3, 12a Microraion, Angarsk, Irkutsk Region, 665827</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">medecolab@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Восточно-Сибирский институт медико-экологических исследований»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>East-Siberian Institute of Medical and Ecological Research</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>63</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Маснавиева Л.Б., Ефимова Н.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Маснавиева Л.Б., Ефимова Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Masnavieva L.B., Efimova N.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1135">https://zniso.fcgie.ru/jour/article/view/1135</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Химические соединения, загрязняющие воздушную среду, а также содержащиеся в сигаретном дыму, оказывают влияние на иммунную систему и дыхательный тракт, способствуя развитию заболеваний. Учитывая половой диморфизм врожденного и приобретенного иммунитета, целью исследования явилось выявление особенностей местного и системного иммунитета у подростков женского и мужского пола, проживающих в условиях загрязнения воздушной среды, при воздействии сигаретного дыма.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В течение 2 лет обследованы 546 активно и пассивно курящих подростков обоих полов, проживающих в промышленных городах с высоким уровнем загрязнения атмосферного воздуха. Изучены уровни интерлейкинов 2 и 10, альфа- и гамма-интерферонов, иммуноглобулина А в сыворотке крови и смывных водах из ротовой полости и носа старшеклассников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлены гендерные особенности ответной реакции местного и системного иммунитета подростков на сочетанное влияние загрязнения атмосферного воздуха и сигаретного дыма. Значимые различия содержания цитокинов и иммуноглобулина А выявлены только для лиц мужского пола. В смывных водах из ротовой полости курящих мальчиков уровни альфа- и гамма-интерферонов были ниже, а интерлейкина 2 – выше, чем у некурящих. Содержание альфа-интерферона и иммуноглобулина А в крови курящих лиц мужского пола было выше по сравнению с некурящими.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Гендерные особенности ответной реакции организма подростков на сочетанное влияние загрязнения атмосферного воздуха и сигаретного дыма обусловливают необходимость учета половой принадлежности при разработке профилактических и лечебных мероприятий, направленных на предотвращение нарушений иммунитета и развития патологии верхних дыхательных путей. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Chemical compounds polluting the environment and contained in cigarette smoke affect the immune system and the respiratory tract contributing to the development of diseases. Given the sexual dimorphism of innate and acquired immunity, the objective of the study was to identify characteristics of the local and systemic immunity in adolescent girls and boys exposed to harmful environmental and cigarette smoke chemicals.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: During two years of the study, we examined 546 active and passive teenage smokers of both sexes living in industrial cities with high ambient air pollution. Levels of interleukins-2 and -10, alpha- and gamma-interferons, immunoglobulin A in blood serum, nasal and oral washings of high school students were tested.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: We established sex-specific differences in local and systemic immune responses of adolescents to effects of the combined air pollution and cigarette smoke exposure. Significant differences in the content of cytokines and immunoglobulin A were found only for males. The levels of alpha and gamma interferons in the oral lavage fluid of smoking boys were lower while the level of interleukin-2 was higher than those in non-smokers. Blood levels of alpha interferon and immunoglobulin A in male smokers were higher than in non-smokers.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: Sex-specific differences in the response to the combined effect of air pollution and cigarette smoke necessitate a differentiated approach to elaborating preventive and therapeutic measures aimed at preventing immunological and upper respiratory disorders in adolescent boys and girls. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>девочки</kwd><kwd>мальчики</kwd><kwd>загрязнение атмосферного воздуха</kwd><kwd>курение</kwd><kwd>иммунитет</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>adolescent</kwd><kwd>girls</kwd><kwd>boys</kwd><kwd>air pollution</kwd><kwd>smoking</kwd><kwd>immunity</kwd><kwd>cytokines.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бактыбаева З.Б., Сулейманов Р.А., Кулагин А.А., Гиниятуллин Р.Х., Валеев Т.К. 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